The causal dimension manifests itself in a continuum that spreads from uncertainty to finality. This dimension is a metric of the level of organization of the Field and the Structures of Information that evolve in it, a “scale” of the complexity of Reality and the Forms that populate it.

The main steps in the evolution of causal dimension are:
• Uncertainty (indetermination, chaos, casual order): null or minimum level of organization, no correlations between events,
• Possibility/Probability (probabilistic, statistical causality): an increasing level of organization, of correlation between events, manifests quantum aspects as the bizarre behaviour of quantized forces and structures, waves, particles, interactions, etc.,
• Necessity (determination): high levels of organization, of correlation between events, ordered states, proper of the organization of classical forms of Reality, the objects of the “ordinary” reality,
• Finality (finalistic indetermination): the higher level of the expression of dynamic and conservative aspects of living beings, the more complex causal manifestation of Reality, the more complex outcome of the evolutive process.

Any level emerges from the previous one. There isn’t a rigid separation among the different levels, they are mixed. In each existing form, at any level of Reality, of complexity, we can find a mix of the above forms of causality. Different layers, with their dominant form of causality, coexist in the same object of Reality.

So, at the most elementary level of the Field, we can find the domination of Uncertainty, the chaos of the elementary events, the fluctuations of the space time distances at the Planck scale, the Elementary Action, the quantum foam. The evolution of each point of space-time can be represented as a stochastic process in with every point-event manifests a full stochastic independence of the evolution of all the other points of space-time field. Indeterminism is inherent to the very nature, or, better, to the nature of the most basic level of Reality.

If we look at a wider scale, at the space-time domain whose organization represent a Structure of Information, i.e. a particle, in which the evolution of each point of space-time field is in some form correlated to the evolution of the other points of that specific space-time domain, we find a strange form of causality, the form that characterize the quantum world, in which causal links between events can be expressed only in a probabilistic form. The correlation among the events that participate to the existence of that Structure can be expressed in a statistical form, as space time distributions of probability of intensity, direction, vorticity and orientation of the vorticity of the tiny fluctuations of the space time field at the Planck scale, the Elementary Events. Probability is not a matter of incomplete knowledge, or due to the existence of unknown hidden variables. Causality in quantum world can only be expressed in a probabilistic form because the elementary chaos, the chance, the uncertainty is so widely present at the level of Reality. The Structures that organize the Field are forming from the correlation among an immense quantity of everchanging tiny events. Nature, at this causal former level, is inherently probabilistic, and everything can only be described in a statistical form.

In large aggregate of quantum objects (as atoms, molecules, small bodies), determination, necessity, is rising, but at an embryonal stage. Necessity manifest itself completely at more complex levels of Reality, the levels in which the objects of the ordinary life interact with each other, following the laws of classical and relativistic dynamics. So, for the cosmological bodies, that comprehend a wide range of ordinary phenomena. If we look at the class of more extreme phenomena, i.e. the quantum dynamics associated to the layers of Reality concerning with the interaction of macroscopic complex aggregates of quantum structures (neutron stars, quark plasma stars, black holes, grb or strong radiation emissions as those produced by pulsars, supermassive black holes, quasars), the indetermination and the probabilistic causality gain the scene again.

Finally, where the inorganic matter evolves into the organic molecules that sustain life, there we will find a new emerging kind of causality. Where the organic structures evolve under the selective pressure of the embryonal biological evolution, forming more and more complex living organism, there we can find a more complex form of causality. We call this form of causality: Finality. It emerges where determinism, necessity, finds its limit and exaltation, coevolving with the developing of more and more complex living forms. Living beings, in their incessant exploration of the causal landscapes of Reality, searching for nourishment and better physical and social life conditions, in their continuous effort to adapt and ecologically fit, within the co-evolutionary processes that tie life to the environments, develop more and more complex behaviors and strategies, that evolve within the causal dimension toward intention and finality. It’s the emergence of the “sense”, the “meaning”. The analogous, in the complex levels of Reality that we call Metareality, of the difference between the spatial directions at the more elementary levels of the Physical Reality, the orientation of spin in particle physics, etc., or the difference between past and future in the temporal dimension, where time symmetry broke, giving rise to the arrow of time.