TFNR - In summary: some fundamental terms
We summarize here, briefly, the fundamental aspects of this particular approach to the study of Nature. This vision of Reality, as we have seen, differs in many respects from current mainstream scientific thought. However, in a broader sense, it offers a wider framework in which fragmented or, often, incompatible theories that dominate current scientific knowledge can find new meanings and important new connections.
The primary concepts that we need to abandon in order to achieve a deeper understanding of Nature are essentially "the atomistic vision" of Reality, which places centrality on Particles rather than Forces and Fields, and "the Big Bang theory", which posits a rapidly expanding beginning for the Universe, instead of a gradual evolution from a state of minimal organization.
Yet, the most profound limitation to understanding Reality today lies in the misconception that the Forces driving natural Events - the phenomena we observe - are merely the remnants of an immense infinitely energetic random fluctuation in the distant past that created the Universe. This notion, metaphorically speaking, suggests a "wound-up spring" that still powers the cosmos. Such a view, we would argue, is archaic and somewhat anthropocentric, failing to recognize the immense, infinite force that incessantly brings the Universe into existence. This continuous creative process fuels the never-ending Evolutionary Dynamics that shape increasingly complex Structures.
The main questions science must address are: "What is Reality?", "What is its nature?" and "How does it evolve?" Thus, understanding Reality involves three primary dimensions: Ontology, Phenomenology, and Dynamics. We must uncover and comprehend the fundamental entities that create Reality, identify their properties that define which types of Events can happen and which Phenomena can occur, and investigate the Principles and Processes (Relations) driving the Evolution of Reality - from the infinitely elementary to the infinitely complex.
Evolutionary Knowledge
Evolutionary Knowledge is the discipline that studies the Formation of Reality, through an integral extension of the evolutionary paradigm — within the context of a constructivist approach — to all fields of scientific research. We must develop a unified explanatory framework: an evolutionary, organic theory of natural Phenomena, of Information, Energy, and Matter, encompassing both the Dark (invisible) and Ordinary (visible) sides of the world. This framework would encompass the dynamics of Material Forms, the Cognitive Systems of living beings, of the humans and their individuals and collective expressions, and up to the whole Reality.
Reality
Reality is a unitary process, where the Fundamental Force and the Elementary Field - respectively the active and passive complementary aspects and sub-entities of the Primary Source of Reality - as precursors to all the Derived Forces and their associated Fields that we observe in Nature, represent the Causal and Variational (Spatial and Temporal) substrates and dimensionalities of all that exists. As aspects of the Agency of the Source, the Force (the causal agent) acting upon the Field (the acted-upon entity) incessantly generates Elementary Events, whose inhomogeneities embody the Elementary Action. This act of Creation constitutes the first of two sub-processes that together form the Process of the Formation of Reality. Under the unstoppable pressure of the Force, the dynamics of Elementary Action self-organize into increasingly complex Structures and Forms. This ceaseless development constitutes the second sub-process, which we refer to as Evolution.
The Process of Formation of Reality
The Process of Formation of Reality is the natural, unitary process through which Reality incessantly takes form, and the evolving Universe manifests itself. This process can ideally be represented as a combination of two incessant sub-processes: Creation - defined as the transition between Nothingness and Emptiness, wherein the Elementary Field, animated by unstructured, uncorrelated Elementary Action (the infinite ocean of independent Elementary Events, the quantum void), gives rise to - and Evolution, the transition between Emptiness and Somethingness, up to the Wholeness of the entire Universe. Evolution refers to the organization of Information (In-form-action), Action that takes form, the networks of Relations that structure Events into Processes. This fundamental Process can be conceptualized through a cognitive model or glyph that symbolizes the dynamics of the Operational Agents, derived from the Fundamental Force, the Primary Agent, involved in the unceasing Creation and Evolution of Reality.
Entities
Entities are the answer to the questions "What exists? What produces existence?" They are what possess the property we call "Existence." An Entity is everything that has Existence as a fundamental property. To exist means to be real, to participate in, and to take part in Reality. We can say that Entities exist because they produce Existence - they generate Action, Events, and changes within or between (in / of) the Sources, the Agents / Forces, and the Acted / Fields couples. In other words, we cannot claim that Entities exist per se; they exist in the act of producing Existence, in the Creation of Events and Action. This definition provides a dynamic view of Reality, suggesting that Existence is not simply a static state but an active process, Relations between Events, Action and their Sources.
The Primary Source of Reality
The Primary Source of Reality is the fundamental and elementary Entity, the causal and variational origin of Existence and the Essence / Form of Reality. It is composed of a couple of complementary sub-entities: the Fundamental Force and the Elementary Field, "from whose inner interaction incessantly springs forth the Formation of Reality. The Force is the active, creative side of the Source, while the Field is the passive, receptive side. The properties of the Source determine the Dimensionalities of Reality: Causality and Variationality (Spatiality and Temporality), and the related Dimensions: Cause (or Force), Space, and Time. Force and Field are a unity - complementary aspects of the Source and of its main manifestation that we can call the Agency of the Source (Agent, Acted, Action).
The Fundamental Force
The Fundamental Force is the active aspect - the causal and dynamic expression - of the Source of Reality. "Causal and dynamic" because it causes the infinite and eternal dynamism on which the entire Reality is based, and by which is empowered. Within the Agency of the Primary Source, the Force serves as the fundamental Agent: the Entity that, by acting on the Elementary Field, generates the Elementary Events. These Events, through their inhomogeneous distributions, give rise to the Elementary Action, which represents the most basic form of Existence. The Fundamental Force is the essential causal Entity that incessantly creates Reality and drives its evolution. It embodies the active aspect of the dual sub-entities into which the Primary Source can be understood. As the agent of reification, it is the foundational Operator, or Operative Agent, from which all functional Operators of Reality ultimately derive.
The Elementary Field
The Elementary Field is the active aspect - the variational and conservative expression - of the Source of Reality. "Variational and conservative" refers to its ability to respond to the action of the Fundamental Force through variations in the infinite and eternal dynamism that sustains the entirety of Reality, while receiving and conserving the formative power of the Force. Within the Agency of the Primary Source, the Field serves as the fundamental Acted-upon (Acted): the Entity that, by receiving the action of the Fundamental Force, responds through its fluctuations - known as the Elementary Events. These immensely tiny and rapid variations occurring around the Planck scale, through their inhomogeneous distributions, give rise to the Elementary Action, which represents the most basic form of Existence. It is pure differentiation without form, yet with the potential to evolve into organization, structure, and form. The initial glimpse of the inhomogeneities upon which everything is built. Through its infinite induced dynamism, the Elementary Field can support metric and mass, motion, charge, spin, and the more complex physical quantities, including the nuclear weak and strong forces, fields, and interactions.
Creation
Creation is one of the two fundamental formative sub-processes that make up the Process of Formation of Reality. It is the first - causally speaking - of the two functional aspects of that unitary Process. It is a continuous and incessant process, which dynamically and evolutionarily sustains Reality and its manifestation: the Universe. Creation arises from the inner interaction of the Force acting upon the Field, producing Elementary Events - tiny and rapid fluctuations of / within the Elementary Field, resonating around the Planck scale. As the foundation of Existence, Creation embodies the primary expression of the Force. It is a relentless, incessant process that dynamically and evolutionarily supports Reality and its manifestation, the Universe.
Events
Events are the origin and the objects of Existence, while Entities (Agents / Forces and Acted / Fields) are its subjects. They are the product of the sub-process of Creation, as part of the Process of Formation of Reality. The functional causal link between Entities and Events is represented by Action. Events emerge from the internal "Action" (or inter-action) between the two aspects of the Sources, which serve as the origins of Events and Action. Event is any variation (of / in the form) of an Entity. Variation of the Essence / Form. Fluctuation of the form of a Field under the Action of a Force, a Cause. At every level of Reality, Events incessantly emerge (Creation -> Existence) and organize themselves (Evolution -> Essence / Form). At the most elementary level, Events are elementary variations of / within the fundamental fabric of Reality resonating around the Planck scale. Technically, at the most elementary level, where the Fundamental Force incessantly acts on the Elementary Field, an Event is a fluctuation of the spatial extension of the Field itself (local infinitesimal variation of distances, areas, or, better yet, volumes). These spatial variations occur in an ever-variable time. The temporal distribution of these elementary spatial fluctuations describes the local elementary dynamics of the Field. The inhomogeneities of such distributions - in the various possible Modes / Components - represent the Elementary Action. At more complex levels, vast networks of Events linked by Relations evolve, creating intricate Processes, macro-events, and complex Forms. These Forms include the cosmic structures, biological processes that sustain living beings, and cognitive processes of Living Forms. In the domain of Physical Reality, we encounter Physical Events, the components of Physical Phenomena, observable in the world around us and analyzed in experiments. In the domain of Cognitive Reality, we identify Cognitive Events, which shape the cognitive activities of Living Beings, such as perceptions, sensations, emotions, and thoughts. Additionally, within the Metacognitive domain, we investigate and model the intricate processes underlying cognition.
Action
The Elementary Action is the most fundamental form of Existence, the incessant product of the expression of the Source of Reality. It emerges from the interaction between the two aspects of the Source: the Force and the Field, with the Force acting upon the Field. Existence is mutation - an ongoing and incessant variation. At the most elementary level of Reality, Elementary Action arises from any inhomogeneity in the distribution of Elementary Events, which are the tiny and rapid fluctuations of the Field resonating around the Planck scale. The concept of Action is intrinsically tied to inhomogeneity - non homogeneity - within a dynamical, fluctuating, ever-changing Field. Elementary Action can manifest in three Modes / Components: Perturbation, Translation an Rotation (in its two sub-modes Rotation:Chirality and Rotation:AxisOrientation). These Modes are, respectively, specifications of the more general Components of Action: Variation, Propagation, and Conservation, which correspond to the three Fundamental Principles of Evolutionary Dynamics: Uncertainty, Action and Reaction, Least Action. Action encompasses all that exists. All that exists is Action.
Evolution
Evolution is one of the two fundamental formative sub-processes that constitute the Process of Formation of Reality. It is the second - causally speaking - of the two functional aspects of this unitary Process. It is a continuous, incessant process that dynamically and conservatively reshapes Reality and its manifestation - the Universe - in their ongoing development toward ever-greater levels of Complexity. It drives the formation of new Information, Structures of Information, Forms, and Systems, always interacting with what already exists - the environment. Anabolic (constructive) processes and catabolic (destructive) processes co-evolve through their interaction, fostering the continuous construction of the Essence / Form of Reality. As the foundation of Essence / Form, Evolution represents the further expression of the Force. It is a relentless, unceasing process that, through Organization (the construction of relations between events/structures), Transformation (the destruction of relations), and Selection (the natural selection of relations between events), shapes both Reality and its manifestation - the Universe.
Relations
Relations are the origin and the objects of Essence / Form. They are the product of the sub-process of Evolution, which is part of the overarching Process of Formation of Reality. The functional causal link between Relations (between Events) and Processes is represented by Information (In-Form-Action). Relations emerge from the interaction (inter-action) between Events and their inhomogeneous distributions (Action). At every level of Reality, Relations incessantly form and organize Events into Processes, which embody the ever-changing form of Reality (Evolution -> Essence/Form). At the most elementary level, Relations manifest as correlations between the temporal distributions of the spatial fluctuations within the Field itself - local infinitesimal variations of distances, areas, or more accurately, volumes within the fundamental fabric of Reality, Elementary Events resonating around the Planck scale. Specifically, the correlations between the inhomogeneities of such distributions - the Elementary Action in its Modes / Components - represent the most fundamental form of Information (commonly referred to as Energy), the raw material, the very "substance" of Evolution. At higher levels of Complexity, vast networks of Events interconnected by Relations evolve, giving rise to intricate Processes, increasingly complex Relations, and ever-more complex Forms.
Information
Information is "organized Action", "Action with a Form", the "Form of Action" - the comprehensive set of Relations that link Events and give form to Reality. Information is the pattern of organization within Relations that connect Events into Processes, Information elements into Structures, and integrate parts into a System, forming a coherent Whole. Information, the object of Evolution, serves as the organizing principle within chaos - order dynamics, acting as the key driver of Evolution toward Complexity. The most elementary form of Information is what is commonly called Energy, which constitutes everything we observe in the physical domain of Reality. Everything that exists in the physical world is composed of Action, in its Modes / Components and their multiple combinations. If we derive Action with respect to Time, we obtain Information and, consequently, Energy in its forms - from the most elementary ones (Metric/Mass, Motion, Charge, Spin) to the more complex ones (including the Energy associated with weak and strong nuclear forces / fields) that arise from the combination / interaction of the more elementary forms. The world is composed of Information and the Structures it incessantly forms, which constitute the building blocks of the Forms and Systems that populate the Universe. Alongside the most elementary types of Information, which we refer to as Energy, we find an infinite multitude of other forms, progressively more complex, that constitute the organizational patterns of increasingly intricate Forms, shaping the physical world (inorganic, organic, and living) as well as the cognitive realm.
Evolution of the Causal Dimension
The causal dimension is the metric of the distance from the most elementary form of expression of the Fundamental Force (causal complexity), and, at the same time, a measure of the quantity of Action that the Force has expressed to reach a certain level of variational organization of the Elementary Field (variational complexity). This dimension manifest itself in a continuum that extends from uncertainty to finality. The main steps in the evolution of causal dimension are: Uncertainty (indeterminacy), Necessity or Certainty (determinacy), Finality (sense, purpose, meaning). These steps coexist and interact within the world, characterizing the different levels of Reality or predominating within the various levels of Complexity in the evolving Universe. "Uncertainty" prevails at the most elementary levels, from the abyss of the infinitely small to the atomic dimensions of the "quantum" world, "Necessity" emerges and dominates within the "classical" physical world around and within us, both on the Earth and in the cosmos, "Finality" emerges in the most complex aspects of the known world, in the cognitive domain of Nature, within the dynamics of the Cognitive Systems of the Living Beings, and now, within the new and rapidly developing realm of Automata and AI Systems.
Evolution of the Variational Dimension
The variational (spatial and temporal) dimension is the metric of the distance from the homogeneity of / in the dynamics of the Elementary Field (variational complexity) produced by a certain amount of Action expressed by the Fundamental Force (causal complexity). This dimension serves as the metric of the level of organization of the Field itself (Information), of the Structures OF Information, and of the Forms that evolve within it - a "scale" of the complexity of Reality and of the Forms that populate it. In the evolution of the variational dimension, we encounter the various components of Nature: From the infinitesimal fluctuations of the Elementary Field, resonating around the Planck scale, to Waves, Particles, atoms, molecules, compounds, objects, stars, galaxies - and even beyond. All these are forms of organization of the Elementary Field, progressively larger and more complex, acting as sources of Events and nodes in immense networks of Relations, which together constitute the Processes that incessantly produce Reality.
The Main Causal Chain of Reality
This structure is the core - the backbone, the central pillar - of the Process of Formation of Reality. It holds in balance the dynamic and conservative aspects that shape Reality. It describes the sequence of causal aspects that, starting from the Force (the active aspect of the Source), leads to the Form - from the Existence to the Essence / Form of Reality: Force -> Action -> Information -> Form. All these aspects, while representing steps in the causal manifestation of the Primary Source, coexist within Reality. Each serves as the creative and evolutionary fulcrum of Nature in its incessant unfolding. Furthermore, each can be considered an observation point of the world - helping us to grasp the intricate dynamics that make Reality possible, drive its evolution, and shape its Form.
Processes
In this System of Knowledge, Processes are understood as organized sets, structured networks of Events, fluctuations, variations of / in Acted / Fields operated by Agents / Forces, in the context of the property of Sources we call Agency. Processes, together with Principles, are the answer to the question "why and how what exists (Entities) produces what happens (Events) in the way it happens (Relations)?". This forms the foundation of Evolutionary Dynamics. They describe why and how things happens in the Reality, from the most elementary levels to the more complex ones, how Reality (or part of it) manifests itself, how is incessantly (re)-created and evolves. Everything in Existence is composed of and made through Processes of Events produced by Entities and organized by Relations. Processes, in their various forms, are observed across different domains of Reality (physical, cognitive and metacognitive), Dimensionalities (Causality and Variationality: Spatiality and Temporality) and levels of Complexity of Reality. The fundamental Process, encompassing all derived Processes, is referred to here as the Process of Formation of Reality. It symbolizes the primary manifestation of the fundamental operator (Fundamental Force) and the diverse expressions of the operators deriving from it. Processes can be classified based on the domain: Physical Processes, Cognitive Processes, and Metacognitive Processes. With respect to the type (or prevalence) of function expressed: Anabolic Processes (processes dominated by organizational action, involving creation of new, more complex Information and the aggregation of component parts into a set, constructive processes), Catabolic processes (processes dominated by transformative action, involving the disaggregation / destruction of Complexity and the reduction of a system into its component parts, destructive processes), Mixed processes (pure, isolated anabolic or catabolic processes are rare in nature. mixed processes are found - for example, cellular processes that incessantly assemble more complex compounds, such as proteins synthesized from amino acids, while simultaneously disintegrating them after their function is complete, providing reusable building blocks for proteosynthesis). Additionally, in a causal sense, processes are categorized into: Fundamental Processes (underlying the Formation of Reality, physical, cognitive, and metacognitive), Formative Sub-Processes (Creation and Evolution), Derived Processes (representing the resulting expressions and operations of the fundamental Processes). This perspective highlights the interconnected and dynamic nature of Reality's Formation.
The Fundamental Principles of Dynamics
In this System of Knowledge, the Fundamental Principles, together with Processes, form the backbone of Evolutionary Dynamics. They can be seen as cognitive representations (patterns or models) that encapsulate how Reality manifests and evolves. They capture the essential aspects of Process of Formation of Reality, encompassing its properties and behaviors across all levels, from the most elementary to the most complex, and illustrate how the fundamental operator generates the basic form of Existence. The Fundamental Principles of Evolutionary Dynamics elucidate why and how Events and Relations emerge and co-evolve,and thereby define. They explain how Action takes form, "becoming Information / Energy", and thereby define how Existence assumes the Essence / Form we see in the world. While retaining their intrinsic identity, these Principles adapt seamlessly to diverse domains (physical, cognitive, and metacognitive), as well as to the different Dimensionalities (Causality and Variationality: Spatiality and Temporality), and levels of Complexity.
Principle of Uncertainty
As a specific formulation of the more general Principle of Variation (which posits that everything in existence is in a state of perpetual mutation or variation, or rather, that all existence "is" incessant variation), the Principle of Uncertainty, explores the origins of Elementary Events. It describes how the Action of the Force upon the Field generates these Elementary Events as minuscule spatial fluctuations resonating around the Planck scale, and how these fluctuations are distributed over Time (the Elementary Action Mode / Component called Perturbation). This process forms the foundation of Elementary Action, the most fundamental expression of Existence, the "substrate" of all that exists, the basic "substance" underpinning Reality itself.
Principle of Action and Reaction
As a specification of the broader Principle of Propagation - which states that deformations in Fields caused by the Action of Forces tend to propagate within those same Fields - the Principle of Action and Reaction describes how reactions within the Field arise, aiming to restore homogeneity in the distribution of elementary fluctuations. These reactions against inhomogeneities in the temporal distribution of spatial fluctuations (Elementary Events), produce the propagation of the inhomogeneities within the Elementary Field. Such counter-forces can be interpreted as translational reactions (Translation), representing the propagation of Elementary Action through Space.
Principle of Least Action
As a specification of the broader Principle of Conservation - which states that deformations of Fields caused by the Action of Forces tend to be conserved within those same Fields - the Principle of Least Action describes how the interactions between propagating inhomogeneities within the Field and the reactions of the Field itself towards the restoration of homogeneity result in the emergence of rotational reactions (Rotation). This process produces the conservation of Elementary Action over Time, preserving these inhomogeneities as fundamental components of Reality.
The Principle of General Equivalence
This Principle of Evolutionary Dynamics bridges the level of Action with that of Information / Energy. Specifically, it establishes crucial correspondences that help us to understand how the dynamics of the Elementary Field - expressed in the Modes / Components of Elementary Action (Perturbation, Translation and Rotation in its two sub-components: Chirality and AxisOrientation) - manifests itself in the fundamental physical quantities observed and measured in the physical world (Metric / Mass, Motion, Charge and Spin). These correspondences reveal specific equivalences between various physical quantities, highlighting an underlying unity among physical phenomena that may appear distinct and unrelated, despite sharing the same foundational basis. For instance, the spatial correlation of the Action Component here called Perturbation (inhomogeneity in the temporal distributions of elementary spatial fluctuations, or density of Elementary Events, or intensity / density of quantum vacuum fluctuations, or zero point energy fluctuations) is equivalent to the deformation (the collection of inhomogeneities) of the space-time Metric (commonly referred to curvature). Simultaneously, it is equivalent to the density of Mass, to the limiting speed of propagation of Causality, Action and Information in the Elementary Field (so called speed of light), as well as the Field’s temperature.
The Structures of Information
The Structures of Information, or InfoStructures, are organizational patterns of the Elementary Action within the Field. They extend across the causal, spatial, and temporal dimensions, forming the fundamental building blocks of Physical Reality. As Structures of Information - where "Information" refers to the form of Action - these patterns represent the Form of the Processes that shape Action in its various Modes or Components. The Essence / Form, incessantly emerging from the dynamics of the Action of the Force in the Field, can range from completely chaotic and turbulent to increasingly ordered and organized. Such Form may develop distinct dynamics, embodying individuation and conservation - a Structure precisely. In other words, InfoStructures can be envisioned as organized Processes (Information / Energy) of Events (Action) produced by Entities (Sources, Force / Field pairs) interconnected through networks of Relations (Information / Energy). At the most fundamental level of Reality, InfoStructures can be represented as organizational patterns (expressing Form) within the correlations of the temporal distributions of the elementary spatial fluctuations of the Field (of each of its event points) in resonance around the Planck scale. Such correlations not only define Space and Time, and thus the Metric, but also exhibit organizational patterns that can range from transient to stable, which we identify as InfoStructures. InfoStructures are the building blocks of Matter and Radiation (radiative Energy), and represent the emerging discrete aspect in the continuous Elementary Field. Depending on their shape and dynamics, the Structures of Information can be categorized as Propagation Structures (Waves), Conservation Structures (Vortices), or Mixed Structures (Interactions). Waves and Vortices are the basic forms of the Structure of Information.
Waves
Waves are Structures of Propagation, the essence of Radiation. These Structures have no Mass (only Motion—a property associated with the Spin of the Structure that emitted them). In the absence of Mass, which represent a sort of resistance to the variation of Motion, Waves propagate in the Field at the maximum allowed speed. This is the limit of the speed of propagation of Causality, Action, and Information—commonly referred to as the speed of light. Though a limit, it is not a constant; in fact, it is slightly variable in both Space and Time. Waves can be multi-cycle (originating from periodic phenomena - such as the emission of radio waves by the alternating motion of electrons in a conductor like an antenna) or quasi-periodic phenomena (like the emission of gravitational waves during the merger of black holes or neutron stars) or single-cycle (arising from one-shot phenomena, such as the emission of a photon during the acceleration and subsequent deceleration of an electron in the orbital cloud of an excited atom - a so-called quantum jump). Multi-cycle waves exhibit purely wave-like properties and behaviors, while single-cycle waves display both wave-like and corpuscular (particle-like, as in the case of the photon) properties and behaviors.
Vortices
Vortices are Structures of Conservation, the essence of Matter (both Dark/invisible and Ordinary/visible). These Structures have a fundamental property called Mass (in addition to Motion, Charge, and Spin). According to the Principle of General Equivalence, Mass (and Metric) is equivalent to a negative curvature of Space-time - more precisely, of Time, since at the scale of Particles and beyond, Space is flat. This equivalence corresponds to a "local Time flow rate" lower than the "universal or regional average value". Consequently, Vortices propagate in the Field at a lower speed than the maximum allowed - the aforementioned limit. Elementary Vortices in the dark (invisible) side of Matter correspond to ideal galactic halos and to ideal bubbles that compose cosmic structures such as star clusters, planetary systems, and more. On the ordinary (visible) side, pure elementary Vortices correspond to elementary Particles like electrons (and muons, tau), neutrinos, and possibly quarks. The other particles of the Standard Model are composed Particles, which, in this model, are referred to as Mixed Structures - Interactions of elementary Particles.
Interactions and Mixed Structures
Under certain conditions, Interactions of Structures of Information, Wave and/or Vortices, can create new and more complex Structures, referred to as Mixed Structures.
A direct expression of the Operator Relation at the level of the Structures of Information, across all levels of Complexity, the Operator Interaction establishes relations between the Structures of Propagation, the Structures of Conservation, and the related Events that characterize the Dynamics and Evolution of the Structures of Information. This process leads to the creation of Mixed Structures and more complex Processes.
In Physical Reality, this represents the level at which complex Derived Physical Forces manifest themselves—forming the foundation of any manifestation.
On the cognitive side of Reality, this level corresponds to the interaction of semantic structures that enable communication between cognitive systems with the semantic structures that conserve cognitive experiences. These interactions create the basic elements of any cognitive aspect of Living Forms and Automata.
Mixed Structures arise from the Action of the Operator Interactions on the Structures of Propagation and Structures of Conservation, along with the related Events that define their Dynamics, Evolution, and more complex phenomena.
In Reality, it is exceedingly rare to encounter pure Structures of Information. What we observe are almost always Structures formed by varying degrees and stability of Interactions between Structures of Propagation and Structures of Conservation—or Mixed Structures created through interactions between pure Structures and Mixed Structures, or among Mixed Structures themselves.
In the Physical Reality—within the realm of what we call Particles of Matter and Radiation—we find particles such as Baryons and Mesons
Metric / Mass
Metric is a property, a situation of the Elementary Field that depends on the dynamics of the Field itself at a universal and local level. We can therefore speak of absolute metric (of the Field itself, homogeneous, of the Void, absence of organization, of Information, Energy and Matter) and of relative metric (of the inhomogeneous, deformed, structured Field, presence of organization, of Information, Energy and Matter). Mass is a state, a property of the Field. It is the state of a space-time domain where the distribution of the stochastic perturbations that constitute the Elementary Action is lower than the mean distribution. So, in a massive domain, as for a particle of matter, we can identify a "gradient", a particular form of the correlation of the distributions of the intensity of the elementary fluctuations (Perturbation) of the point-events that compose that domain, in the sense of a minor intensity of the same perturbations. This is the root of gravitational phenomena and inertia.
Motion
Motion is a state, a property of the Field. It is the state of a space-time domain where the distribution of the stochastic perturbations that constitute the Elementary Action is oriented toward a direction. So, in a space-time domain, as for a particle of matter or for radiation, we can identify “divergence”, a particular form of the correlation of the distributions of the elementary perturbations of the point-events that compose that domain (Translation). This is the root of motion phenomena.
Charge
Charge is a state, a property of the Field. It is the state of a space-time domain where the distribution of the stochastic perturbations that constitute the Elementary Action is characterized by vorticity. So, in a space-time domain, as for a particle of matter or for radiation, we can identify “rotation” or “curl”, a particular form of the correlation of the distributions of the elementary perturbations of the point-events that compose that domain (Rotation). This is the root of electrical phenomena.
Spin
Spin is a state, a property of the Field. It is the state of a space-time domain where the distribution of the stochastic perturbations that constitute the Elementary Action is characterized by orientation of the axis of vorticity. So, in a space-time domain, as for a particle of matter or for radiation, we can identify “spin”, a particular form of the correlation of the distributions of the elementary perturbations of the point-events that compose that domain (Spin). This is the root of magnetic phenomena.
Dark and Ordinary Energy
Energy is the ability of a Form to express Action, to perform work. Energy is a property which can be transferred to other Forms or converted into different forms. Action with a form is Information, so energy is Information, In-form-action. Action is a flow quantity (a flow of events, of changes of the state of a field). Energy is action divided by time; it is a state. Dark energy is the counter part of mass, is negative mass. Dark energy is the state of a space time domain where the distribution of the stochastic perturbations that constitute the Elementary Action, is greater than the mean distribution. In this context, the form of Energy that we call Radiant Energy, in its two aspects: Dark (Gravitational Waves) and Ordinary (Electromagnetic Waves), takes on particular importance.
Dark and Ordinary Matter
Matter consists of sets / networks of vortex Structures of Information in interaction, characterized by mass, motion, charge, spin. Dark matter consists of extended non-particle vortex structures with low mass density (halos, bubbles), which can host within them both dark matter structures with higher density and ordinary matter. Ordinary matter is made up of localized particle vortex structures with high mass density (elementary and composite particles).
Forms
The Physical Forms are organized sets of Structures of Information, complex patterns of organization that give form to the Field of Elementary Action (space-time). Complex status in a space-time domain. Forms are constantly changing, in incessant evolution towards increasingly levels of complexity. Depending on the level of complexity, the Forms can be classified into material forms, life forms, immaterial forms or Meta-forms.
Universe
The Universe is the present section of Reality. It is the whole, everything that exists, the sum of all the existing material and immaterial Forms. The result of the action of all the Agents, the product of the Process of Formation of Reality. It is infinite and unlimited, in causal, spatial and temporal sense.
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