TFNR - Locality - Revision history

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 *'''Action at a distance''': as seen, in a general sense Action is defined as the production (formation, creation) of Events. <br>In a physical sense, at the most basic level of Reality, we find Elementary Action, the most basic form of Existence, fluctuations of the Elementary Field under the constant pressure of the Fundamental Force (a process described by the Uncertainty Principle). <br>From this level and up to the more complex levels of Physical Reality, the Action manifests itself as Derived Action, increasingly complex forms of organization of the Elementary Action, which produce Events which in turn become increasingly complex and articulated (Events linked by Relations in Event networks, in Processes). <br>Action implies manifestation of the fundamental active property of the Agency of the Primary Source of Reality, Causality and at the same time of the passive property that we call Variationality (root of Spatiality and Temporality). <br>In concrete terms, Action is the product of a Force acting on a Field. Force expresses Causality (it is a Cause) by producing a Variation in a Field (an effect, a "deformation", a variation in homogeneity / inhomogeneity). This act that produces the Variation is Action, the Variation is the Event produced (Creation). <br>The Relations between these variations, between Events, produce increasingly more complex Events (Evolution). Processes of Events organized by Relationships, which lead to the formation of Information, Information Structures, Forms that make up Physical Reality, the Evolving Universe. <br>Therefore, with respect to the level of Reality in which it manifests itself, we distinguish the Elementary Action (Action "of" the "unstructured" Elementary Field) from the Derivative Action (Action "in" the "structured" Elementary Field, a more complex, organized Action , structured, so to speak). <br>Derived Action (for example, production of Events in the interactions between Information Structures, Waves and Vortices / Particles) manifests itself as a transfer / exchange of Information / Energy, of structured Action, organized in fact. The latter is the type of Action that we find in Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Field Theory. <br>In some interpretations of Quantum Mechanics, the structured Derivative Action that manifests itself between Information Structures is hypothesized to occur at zero time, instantaneously. A strange form of Action that does not imply Causality, does not allow information/energy transfer between the quantum objects involved. <br>We hypothesized that this strange instantaneous action called “action at a distance” occurs without physical connection between the objects involved. A "non-physical", but "logical", so to speak, "relational" Action, which concerns correlated states, and does not imply transfer of Information / Energy. <br>As already mentioned several times, in this System of Knowledge, there is no place for a form of "physical" Action at a distance, instantaneous, without propagation of Events in the continuous Elementary Field, within the limits of the maximum speed allowed (speed of light in the void, or rather, the limit speed of propagation of Causality, Action, Information in the Elementary Field). Here we admit only a continuous propagation of the Action, propagation in the "continuum" (in a continuous field). <br>The production, propagation and conservation of Action in the Elementary Field, and in all those derived from it (e.g. electromagnetic, gravitational), is always and can only be continuous in Space and Time, with the limits imposed by the properties of the same Field. <br>Let's try to express the same concept in other terms... "Locality" has to do with Events in continuous fields, with continuous connections (of meaning) (conn-action, action with, shared action: bond, association, relationship, correspondence, etc.). No remote action is allowed because the correlation of quantum states does not imply physical action, we are in the world of relationships not events, of Information not Action). <br>"Non-locality" is a hypothesis formulated to account for inexplicable observations, apparently "magical" instantaneous connections, attempts at explanation that emerged in ignorance of the Fundamental Nature of Reality, of the properties and dynamics of the levels of Physical Reality that we do not see and which underlie that of Information Structures (Waves, Vortices and Interactions) which we are dealing with in this chapter. <br>In the interpretation of entanglement proposed here, no "action at a distance" is therefore envisaged (nor production of "many worlds", nor inexplicable pilot waves that would travel in parallel to the Physical Information/Energy, etc.) because: <br>1. Physical Action cannot be instantaneous; it can only occur through continuous propagation (propagation in the continuum) with the limit of the maximum speed allowed (maximum speed / speed limit of propagation of Causality / Action / Information in the Elementary Field) <br>2. no Physical Action, no Information / Energy is therefore transmitted between the quantum objects involved (particles or waves) in the case of entanglement between objects not causally connected (at a distance that does not allow causal communication, within the speed of light) <br>3. there is no physical connection, only a "logical" or "relational" connection (in the sense of correlation). <br>4. what produces this bizarre behavior which suggests an "effective" connection between the entangled objects is a temporary (until the decoherence event) "logical", "relational" connection, which does not take the form of any form of communication at a distance, but a sharing of structure, organization and dynamics of the stochastic / deterministic Processes of the event points of the Elementary Field that support the  Structures of Information, entangled quantum objects. The respective event points (homologous space-time dynamic positions) of the two Structures evolve according to processes that are so to speak "tuned" as a result of the preparation process of the entangled state (they remain tuned until possible decoherence) <br>5. what makes entanglement so strange is that we do not see the entangled dynamics of the event points that give rise to entangled quantum objects. We focus on the entanglement of waves and particles, which we consider monolithic entities, point-like or extended but internally homogeneous, when what matters happens at a more elementary level of Reality that we do not see and which is responsible for the weirdness of quantum phenomena. The key is in the "internal structure" of quantum objects (not in the sense of "parts", but of portions, of points of space-time in which the Elementary Events organized by Relations in point / portion Processes occur which, all together, correlated, entangled, determine the dynamics of the Structure as a whole). The quantum states and behaviours of InfoStructures emerges from the (correlated) states and behaviours of their individual points / portions <br>6. internal structure at the most elementary levels and dynamic balance between "indeterminacy" (at the elementary level of the Field) and "structure / organization / Information" (at the complex, aggregate, level of the Structure, of the quantum object), which produce the strange game of observations of the phenomenon of quantum entanglement, which alter the probabilistic results of the experiments.
-*'''Wavefunctions and the physical meaning of Schrodinger equation''': wavefunctions are complex-valued mathematical descriptions of the quantum states of quantum systems. The squared modulus of a wavefunction converts complex probability amplitudes into actual probabilities (probability density of observing a particle in a given position). <br>The Schrodinger equation is a partial differential equation that governs the evolution of the wavefunction of an isolated quantum system / object in time and space. This equation plays the role of Newton's laws and conservation of energy in classical mechanics in predicting the future behavior of a dynamic system, which is not individually determined, but can only be espressed as probabilities of a large number of events or outcomes. It gives the quantized energies of the system and the form of the wavefunction, with which the other properties can be calculated. <br>Following the proposals formulated here, we hypothesize that wavefunctions do not provide much, or only, for example, the probability of finding the particle in a point of spacetime. <br>In short, focusing on the most relevant aspects, according to the hypotheses proposed in this work, we do not consider wavefunctions and the Schrodinger equation as abstract mathematical formulations disconnected from objective physical reality, but as "physical" representations of what actually happens in the Elementary Field and to the Structures of Information that evolve within it. <br>What we hypothesize is that wavefunctions provide the distribution of the InfoStructures in spacetime, and the probability of finding their Action Centers (or specific centers related to the Modes / Components of the Elementary Action (Perturbation, Translation, Rotation:Chirality and Rotation:AxisOrientation) -> Geometric Center, Mass Center, Momentum Center or Motion, Center of Charge, Central Axis of Spin, etc.). <br>The probability of observing the particle in a precise position derives indirectly from the distribution of the particle in the area considered by the wave function and from the probability of the position of the Center of Action of the particle (and the cited specific centers, which become relevant in the case of interactions / observations / measurements which insist on a particular physical quality, e.g. geometric center in the case of position measurement, Charge Center in the case of electric charge measurement, or measurement that uses electrical interaction, Spin centralaxis in the case of Spin measurement). <br>We are referring here to a fundamental concept that allows us to connect the level of the "dynamics of the event points / portions of InfoStructures" (e.g. particle, electron) with the level of "interactions between InfoStructures" (e.g. interaction between the observed particle and the particle(s) used for the measurement, which is part of the measurement apparatus, with the level of "the result of the measurement itself" (e.g. position of the observed particle). We therefore speak of the "Action Centers" of the InfoStructure (or the specific centers). <br>Given the poor ability of our research equipment to resolve in detail (not destroying the setting in an explosion of energy as in high-energy collisions, but as for example a sub-atomic, sub-particle scale tomography) space-time dimensions / distances smaller than those of the quantum objects investigated (not the internal parts, for example the quarks that we are somehow able to observe, as in the case of composite particles such as protons and neutrons ), we cannot "see" points and portions of the Structures in the case of "elementary" particles, such as the electron or photon/an e.m. wave cycle). We are talking about infinitely small size scales (from 10^-15 to 10^-35 meters). <br>When two particles approach and interact, we only see, so to speak, a macro event (like two point particles, concentrated in their respective Centers of Action (again Geometric Center, Mass Center, Charge Center, etc.). We do not see everything that it happens in this immense range of dimensional levels, which, as mentioned, is fundamental to understanding the strangeness of quantum phenomena. We observe the particle in a precise position, or we measure its momentum (mass times velocity), its Charge, its Spin, and we don't realize that it's like measuring the temperature of the air in a box. <br>We obtain a statistical result of the collective behavior of an immensity of subcomponents, of subsystems, which we do not see and of which we are not aware. Here we are not talking about components, subsystems, parts in the common sense, but points, space-time portions, each with its own dynamics:<br>- indeterminate part: the random fluctuation of the Elementary Field, to use known expressions : quantum vacuum fluctuations, zero point energy, <br>- determined part: <br>--at Field level: the potentials present, e.g. gravitational, electric, magnetic potential, etc., <br>--at the level of the InfoStructures present in the Field: "Geometric" spatial form, Mass, Motion, Charge, Spin, etc. <br>A measurement, an observation that implies an interaction, an exchange of Action, of Information / Energy, provides us with an instantaneous statistical vision (a state) of a portion of a structured Elementary Field (which at the instant of measurement supports an InfoStructure) . A "statistical" vision, the result of the collective behavior of point/portion processes that are partially indeterministic (stochastic Field dynamics -> probability) and partially deterministic (Field potentials and physical quantities of InfoStructure -> deterministic evolution of quantum states -> Schrodinger equation ). <br>Therefore, in our ignorance of the fundamental nature of the Elementary Field, of the dynamics of Elementary Action and Information, of the nature, properties and dynamics of Information Structures, not being able to observe the dimensional levels that underlie those of particles and therefore, we try to explain the complex and strange quantum phenomena with the little information that these rudimentary, and often misleading, statistical quantities provide us. And everything gets messed up, an almost impossible task...
+*'''Wavefunctions and the physical meaning of Schrodinger equation''': wavefunctions are complex-valued mathematical descriptions of the quantum states of quantum systems. The squared modulus of a wavefunction converts complex probability amplitudes into actual probabilities (probability density of observing a particle in a given position). <br>The Schrodinger equation is a partial differential equation that governs the evolution of the wavefunction of an isolated quantum system / object in time and space. This equation plays the role of Newton's laws and conservation of energy in classical mechanics in predicting the future behavior of a dynamic system, which is not individually determined, but can only be espressed as probabilities of a large number of events or outcomes. It gives the quantized energies of the system and the form of the wavefunction, with which the other properties can be calculated. <br>Following the proposals formulated here, we hypothesize that wavefunctions do not provide much, or only, for example, the probability of finding the particle in a point of spacetime. <br>In short, focusing on the most relevant aspects, according to the hypotheses proposed in this work, we do not consider wavefunctions and the Schrodinger equation as abstract mathematical formulations disconnected from objective physical reality, but as "physical" representations of what actually happens in the Elementary Field and to the Structures of Information that evolve within it. <br>What we hypothesize is that wavefunctions provide the distribution of the InfoStructures in spacetime, and the probability of finding their Action Centers (or specific centers related to the Modes / Components of the Elementary Action (Perturbation, Translation, Rotation:Chirality and Rotation:AxisOrientation) -> Geometric Center, Mass Center, Momentum Center or Motion, Center of Charge, Central Axis of Spin, etc.). <br>The probability of observing the particle in a precise position derives indirectly from the distribution of the particle in the area considered by the wave function and from the probability of the position of the Center of Action of the particle (and the cited specific centers, which become relevant in the case of interactions / observations / measurements which insist on a particular physical quality, e.g. geometric center in the case of position measurement, Charge Center in the case of electric charge measurement, or measurement that uses electrical interaction, Spin centralaxis in the case of Spin measurement). <br>We are referring here to a fundamental concept that allows us to connect the level of the "dynamics of the event points / portions of InfoStructures" (e.g. particle, electron) with the level of "interactions between InfoStructures" (e.g. interaction between the observed particle and the particle(s) used for the measurement, which is part of the measurement apparatus, with the level of "the result of the measurement itself" (e.g. position of the observed particle). We therefore speak of the "Action Centers" of the InfoStructure (or the specific centers). <br>Given the poor ability of our research equipment to resolve in detail (not destroying the setting in an explosion of energy as in high-energy collisions, but as for example a sub-atomic, sub-particle scale tomography) space-time dimensions / distances smaller than those of the quantum objects investigated (not the internal parts, for example the quarks that we are somehow able to observe, as in the case of composite particles such as protons and neutrons ), we cannot "see" points and portions of the Structures in the case of "elementary" particles, such as the electron or photon/an e.m. wave cycle). We are talking about infinitely small size scales (from 10^-15 to 10^-35 meters). <br>When two particles approach and interact, we only see, so to speak, a macro event (like two point particles, concentrated in their respective Centers of Action (again Geometric Center, Mass Center, Charge Center, etc.). We do not see everything that it happens in this immense range of dimensional levels, which, as mentioned, is fundamental to understanding the strangeness of quantum phenomena. We observe the particle in a precise position, or we measure its momentum (mass times velocity), its Charge, its Spin, and we don't realize that it's like measuring the temperature of the air in a box. <br>We obtain a statistical result of the collective behavior of an immensity of subcomponents, of subsystems, which we do not see and of which we are not aware. Here we are not talking about components, subsystems, parts in the common sense, but points, space-time portions, each with its own dynamics:<br>- indeterminate part: the random fluctuation of the Elementary Field, to use known expressions : quantum vacuum fluctuations, zero point energy, <br>- determined part: <br>--at the level of the Field: the potentials present, e.g. gravitational, electric, magnetic potential, etc., <br>--at the level of the InfoStructures present in the Field: "Geometric" spatial form, Mass, Motion, Charge, Spin, etc. <br>A measurement, an observation that implies an interaction, an exchange of Action, of Information / Energy, provides us with an instantaneous statistical vision (a state) of a portion of a structured Elementary Field (which at the instant of measurement supports an InfoStructure) . A "statistical" vision, the result of the collective behavior of point/portion processes that are partially indeterministic (stochastic Field dynamics -> probability) and partially deterministic (Field potentials and physical quantities of InfoStructure -> deterministic evolution of quantum states -> Schrodinger equation ). <br>Therefore, in our ignorance of the fundamental nature of the Elementary Field, of the dynamics of Elementary Action and Information, of the nature, properties and dynamics of Information Structures, not being able to observe the dimensional levels that underlie those of particles and therefore, we try to explain the complex and strange quantum phenomena with the little information that these rudimentary, and often misleading, statistical quantities provide us. And everything gets messed up, an almost impossible task...
 *'''Wavefunctions collapse''':

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 But let's try to go into more detail:
-*'''Nature and shape of quantum objects''': the fact that the nature of particles and waves (quantum objects) is not understood and explained in terms of something more basic in concrete terms (events, relationships, processes, space, time, action, energy/information, etc.), but with general reference to "excitations of quantum fields". The fact that waves are conceived as something distributed in space, while particles are seen as point-like or almost point-like objects. The fact that waves and particles are substantially thought of as very different entities, and not sharing the same profound nature, even if with different shapes. The lack of understanding of the nature, shape and dynamics of emission, propagation and absorption of waves, and in particular of the single cycle wave, what is called a photon and assimilated to a particle, here too generating a lot of misunderstandings. All these aspects and many others, in my opinion, have produced a series of misunderstandings that have spread throughout the history of physics from the first decades of the 1900s to the present day, and will continue to cast their sinister shadow on the scientific research of the future.
+*'''Nature and shape of quantum objects''': the fact that the nature of particles and waves (quantum objects) is not understood and explained in terms of something more basic in concrete terms (events, relationships, processes, space, time, action, energy/information, etc.), but with general reference to "excitations of quantum fields". <br>The fact that waves are conceived as something distributed in space, while particles are seen as point-like or almost point-like objects. The fact that waves and particles are substantially thought of as very different entities, and not sharing the same profound nature, even if with different shapes. <br>The lack of understanding of the nature, shape and dynamics of emission, propagation and absorption of waves, and in particular of the single cycle wave, what is called a photon and assimilated to a particle, here too generating a lot of misunderstandings. <br>All these aspects and many others, in my opinion, have produced a series of misunderstandings that have spread throughout the history of physics from the first decades of the 1900s to the present day, and will continue to cast their sinister shadow on the scientific research of the future.
-*'''Localization: position and extention in space''': related to all this is the lack of understanding of the spatio-temporal significance of the position of a wave and a particle. In particular, for particles: the nature distributed in space (no point like particles), the virtually infinite but effectively finite extension, the spatial profile of the mass, charge and spin, their dynamics over time, the variable point positions of the center of mass and charge, the orientation of the spin axis, the nature of the inertia and its distribution over the entire extension of the particle. All these aspects, not understood, have weighed on the vision of Physical Reality, on the lack of or incorrect understanding of quantum phenomena, and therefore determined this dispute and the renunciation of plausible realism.
+*'''Localization: position and extention in space''': related to all this is the lack of understanding of the spatio-temporal significance of the position of a wave and a particle. <br>In particular, for particles: the nature distributed in space (no point like particles), the virtually infinite but effectively finite extension, the spatial profile of the mass, charge and spin, their dynamics over time, the variable point positions of the center of mass and charge, the orientation of the spin axis, the nature of the inertia and its distribution over the entire extension of the particle. <br>All these aspects, not understood, have weighed on the vision of Physical Reality, on the lack of or incorrect understanding of quantum phenomena, and therefore determined this dispute and the renunciation of plausible realism.
 *'''Quantum states''': in light of these aspects, here is the superposition (the ability of quantum objects to be in different quantum states of conjugated quantities at the same time), the relative collapse of the wave function (the collapse leads to the definition of the quantum state, which gives superposed / probabilistic becomes defined / certain) in the measurement process (a process not understood which has produced disturbing interpretations and unleashed a sort of quantum mysticism) have led to a "magical" vision of quantum states and the impossibility of describing their nature and the dynamics.
-*'''Correlation and entaglement''': as if that wasn't enough, to all this confusion and misunderstanding, a truly strange phenomenon has been added, perhaps the true strangeness of quantum physics. Let's talk about entanglement. A sort of correlation that can be created between two or more quantum objects that exhibit "correlated" quantum layers that appear to evolve coherently (collective wave function) until an event, called decoherence, which breaks this correlation. Correlation that is preserved (unless decoherence, in fact) even at great distances and times, and for this reason it has unleashed this idea (absurd for me) of a connection between entangled entities at distances that can become such as to imply instantaneous communication, therefore at superlunal speeds. However, this connection does not allow the transfer of information. What about causality? In a sense this instantaneous connection seems to enable transmission of causality, action at a distance so to speak (determining the quantum state of the second entangled object following measurement of the quantum state of the first, for example). The situation is very confusing and actually lends itself to endless misunderstandings.
+*'''Correlation and entaglement''': as if that wasn't enough, to all this confusion and misunderstanding, a truly strange phenomenon has been added, perhaps the true strangeness of quantum physics. Let's talk about entanglement. <br>A sort of correlation that can be created between two or more quantum objects that exhibit "correlated" quantum layers that appear to evolve coherently (collective wave function) until an event, called decoherence, which breaks this correlation. Correlation that is preserved (unless decoherence, in fact) even at great distances and times, and for this reason it has unleashed this idea (absurd for me) of a connection between entangled entities at distances that can become such as to imply instantaneous communication, therefore at superlunal speeds. <br>However, this connection does not allow the transfer of information. What about causality? In a sense this instantaneous connection seems to enable transmission of causality, action at a distance so to speak (determining the quantum state of the second entangled object following measurement of the quantum state of the first, for example). The situation is very confusing and actually lends itself to endless misunderstandings.

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 *'''Connection between entangled quantum objects''': So, what are these "phantom" connections that would occur between entangled particles? Connections that would appear to configure zero-time remote actions at sidereal distances that are not randomly connected or that would imply communications at super-luminal speeds. Connections capable of influencing the quantum state of entangled particles, but not of transferring information. Are these physical connections (and then they would be causal connections, immediate actions at a distance, which would allow the transfer of information/energy at zero time) or "logical" connections (shared configurations of the "internal organization" of the InfoStructures involved, of the dynamics of the event points that support them, which remain so until any decoherence, non-causal connections)? I would choose the latter, given the results of the experiments. Logical connections, correlation connections. But wouldn't it be more correct to simply call them "correlations" and abandon this term "connections" which makes one think of physical connections, with all their implications? First of all, non-locality, and instant action at a distance... Correlations ab origine, established instantly, in the process of preparing the entangled particles. Correlations not only between the overall quantum states of each particle involved, but correlations between the dynamics of the corresponding event points of the Elementary Field (Elementary Action in its Modes / Components), of the various portions of the Structures. Portions, not parts! I think this is the key to understanding quantum entanglement without hypothesizing strange instantaneous connections, non-local actions, etc. The union of indeterminacy, elementary particles with non-homogeneous internal distributions (not point-like, nor homogeneous over volumes of space, but with organization of the Elementary Action in each event point), and correlation between the quantum states of the corresponding event points. This combination of hypotheses leads us to think of entanglement as a complex correlation between Structures with correlated "internal portions" dynamics, in a context of partially indeterminate processes (the dynamics of the Elementary Field) and partially determined processes (the Information that gives shape to the InfoStructures). Overall correlation of the Structure resulting from the interaction of the internal punctual correlations of the Structures involved. Complexity within complexity. Indeterminacy within indeterminacy. Punctual (or of portions) correlation in the overall correlation. Let us remember that if the form of the InfoStructures hypothesized here is true (dynamics of an electron produced by the interaction of mixed, stochastic and deterministic processes, relating to approximately 10^60 event points), then the entanglement of two "simple" electrons is a phenomenon of a monstrous complexity, the result of the correlation, partly indeterminate and partly determinate, of the dynamics of about 10^60 event points of the Elementary Field with that of other 10^60 event points. Faced with the incessant unfolding of this immense mass of dynamic processes, we see the results of apparently banal experiments (e.g. the Stern-Gerlach experiment, electrons that in a magnetic field go up or down according to their Spin, which we assume is up or down). But we hypothesized that Spin up or down is a statistical evaluation of an immense underlying complexity, we could say that the two entangled electrons, each by itself, are carrying out immense quantum calculations in response to a magnetic field to decide whether they are called Spin up or Spin down. No communication. Somehow they had agreed before, when the entangled state was created. What can I say... The explanation of this phenomenon cannot lie in simplicity. For me it certainly lies in complexity, in a monstrous and (unfortunately) really hard to fathom complexity.
-*'''Action at a distance''': as seen, in a general sense Action is defined as the production (formation, creation) of Events. In a physical sense, at the most basic level of Reality, we find Elementary Action, the most basic form of Existence, fluctuations of the Elementary Field under the constant pressure of the Fundamental Force (a process described by the Uncertainty Principle). From this level and up to the more complex levels of Physical Reality, the Action manifests itself as Derived Action, increasingly complex forms of organization of the Elementary Action, which produce Events which in turn become increasingly complex and articulated (Events linked by Relations in Event networks, in Processes). Action implies manifestation of the fundamental active property of the Agency of the Primary Source of Reality, Causality and at the same time of the passive property that we call Variationality (root of Spatiality and Temporality). In concrete terms, Action is the product of a Force acting on a Field. Force expresses Causality (it is a Cause) by producing a Variation in a Field (an effect, a "deformation", a variation in homogeneity / inhomogeneity). This act that produces the Variation is Action, the Variation is the Event produced (Creation). The Relations between these variations, between Events, produce increasingly more complex Events (Evolution). Processes of Events organized by Relationships, which lead to the formation of Information, Information Structures, Forms that make up Physical Reality, the Evolving Universe. Therefore, with respect to the level of Reality in which it manifests itself, we distinguish the Elementary Action (Action "of" the "unstructured" Elementary Field) from the Derivative Action (Action "in" the "structured" Elementary Field, a more complex, organized Action , structured, so to speak). Derived Action (for example, production of Events in the interactions between Information Structures, Waves and Vortices / Particles) manifests itself as a transfer / exchange of Information / Energy, of structured Action, organized in fact. The latter is the type of Action that we find in Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Field Theory. In some interpretations of Quantum Mechanics, the structured Derivative Action that manifests itself between Information Structures is hypothesized to occur at zero time, instantaneously. A strange form of Action that does not imply Causality, does not allow information/energy transfer between the quantum objects involved. We hypothesized that this strange instantaneous action called “action at a distance” occurs without physical connection between the objects involved. A "non-physical", but "logical", so to speak, "relational" Action, which concerns correlated states, and does not imply transfer of Information / Energy. As already mentioned several times, in this System of Knowledge, there is no place for a form of "physical" Action at a distance, instantaneous, without propagation of Events in the continuous Elementary Field, within the limits of the maximum speed allowed (speed of light in the void, or rather, the limit speed of propagation of Causality, Action, Information in the Elementary Field). Here we admit only a continuous propagation of the Action, propagation in the "continuum" (in a continuous field). The production, propagation and conservation of Action in the Elementary Field, and in all those derived from it (e.g. electromagnetic, gravitational), is always and can only be continuous in Space and Time, with the limits imposed by the properties of the same Field. Let's try to express the same concept in other terms... "Locality" has to do with Events in continuous fields, with continuous connections (of meaning) (conn-action, action with, shared action: bond, association, relationship, correspondence, etc.). No remote action is allowed because the correlation of quantum states does not imply physical action, we are in the world of relationships not events, of Information not Action). "Non-locality" is a hypothesis formulated to account for inexplicable observations, apparently "magical" instantaneous connections, attempts at explanation that emerged in ignorance of the Fundamental Nature of Reality, of the properties and dynamics of the levels of Physical Reality that we do not see and which underlie that of Information Structures (Waves, Vortices and Interactions) which we are dealing with in this chapter. <br>In the interpretation of entanglement proposed here, no "action at a distance" is therefore envisaged (nor production of "many worlds", nor inexplicable pilot waves that would travel in parallel to the Physical Information/Energy, etc.) because: <br>1. Physical Action cannot be instantaneous; it can only occur through continuous propagation (propagation in the continuum) with the limit of the maximum speed allowed (maximum speed / speed limit of propagation of Causality / Action / Information in the Elementary Field). <br>2. No Physical Action, no Information / Energy is therefore transmitted between the quantum objects involved (particles or waves) in the case of entanglement between objects not causally connected (at a distance that does not allow causal communication, within the speed of light). <br>3. There is no physical connection, only a "logical" or "relational" connection (in the sense of correlation). <br>4. What produces this bizarre behavior which suggests an "effective" connection between the entangled objects is a temporary (until the decoherence event) "logical", "relational" connection, which does not take the form of any form of communication at a distance, but a sharing of structure, organization and dynamics of the stochastic / deterministic processes of the event points of the Elementary Field that support the Information Structures, entangled quantum objects. The respective event points (homologous space-time dynamic positions) of the two Structures evolve according to processes that are so to speak "tuned" as a result of the preparation process of the entangled state (they remain tuned until possible decoherence). <br>5. What makes entanglement strange is that we do not see the entangled dynamics of the event points that give rise to entangled quantum objects. We focus on the entanglement of waves and particles, which we consider monolithic entities, point-like or extended but internally homogeneous, when what matters happens at a more elementary level of Reality that we do not see and which is responsible for the strangeness of quantum phenomena. The key is in the "internal structure" of quantum objects (not in the sense of "parts", but of portions, of points of space-time in which the Elementary Events organized by Relations in Point/portion Processes occur which, all together , correlated, entangled, determine the dynamics of the Structure as a whole). <br>6. Internal structure at the most elementary levels and dynamic balance between "indeterminacy" (at the elementary level of the Field) and "structure / organization / Information" (at the complex, aggregate, level of the Structure, of the quantum object), which produce the strange game of observations of the phenomenon of quantum entanglement, which alter the probabilistic results of the experiments.
+*'''Action at a distance''': as seen, in a general sense Action is defined as the production (formation, creation) of Events. In a physical sense, at the most basic level of Reality, we find Elementary Action, the most basic form of Existence, fluctuations of the Elementary Field under the constant pressure of the Fundamental Force (a process described by the Uncertainty Principle). From this level and up to the more complex levels of Physical Reality, the Action manifests itself as Derived Action, increasingly complex forms of organization of the Elementary Action, which produce Events which in turn become increasingly complex and articulated (Events linked by Relations in Event networks, in Processes). Action implies manifestation of the fundamental active property of the Agency of the Primary Source of Reality, Causality and at the same time of the passive property that we call Variationality (root of Spatiality and Temporality). In concrete terms, Action is the product of a Force acting on a Field. Force expresses Causality (it is a Cause) by producing a Variation in a Field (an effect, a "deformation", a variation in homogeneity / inhomogeneity). This act that produces the Variation is Action, the Variation is the Event produced (Creation). The Relations between these variations, between Events, produce increasingly more complex Events (Evolution). Processes of Events organized by Relationships, which lead to the formation of Information, Information Structures, Forms that make up Physical Reality, the Evolving Universe. Therefore, with respect to the level of Reality in which it manifests itself, we distinguish the Elementary Action (Action "of" the "unstructured" Elementary Field) from the Derivative Action (Action "in" the "structured" Elementary Field, a more complex, organized Action , structured, so to speak). Derived Action (for example, production of Events in the interactions between Information Structures, Waves and Vortices / Particles) manifests itself as a transfer / exchange of Information / Energy, of structured Action, organized in fact. The latter is the type of Action that we find in Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Field Theory. In some interpretations of Quantum Mechanics, the structured Derivative Action that manifests itself between Information Structures is hypothesized to occur at zero time, instantaneously. A strange form of Action that does not imply Causality, does not allow information/energy transfer between the quantum objects involved. We hypothesized that this strange instantaneous action called “action at a distance” occurs without physical connection between the objects involved. A "non-physical", but "logical", so to speak, "relational" Action, which concerns correlated states, and does not imply transfer of Information / Energy. As already mentioned several times, in this System of Knowledge, there is no place for a form of "physical" Action at a distance, instantaneous, without propagation of Events in the continuous Elementary Field, within the limits of the maximum speed allowed (speed of light in the void, or rather, the limit speed of propagation of Causality, Action, Information in the Elementary Field). Here we admit only a continuous propagation of the Action, propagation in the "continuum" (in a continuous field). The production, propagation and conservation of Action in the Elementary Field, and in all those derived from it (e.g. electromagnetic, gravitational), is always and can only be continuous in Space and Time, with the limits imposed by the properties of the same Field. Let's try to express the same concept in other terms... "Locality" has to do with Events in continuous fields, with continuous connections (of meaning) (conn-action, action with, shared action: bond, association, relationship, correspondence, etc.). No remote action is allowed because the correlation of quantum states does not imply physical action, we are in the world of relationships not events, of Information not Action). "Non-locality" is a hypothesis formulated to account for inexplicable observations, apparently "magical" instantaneous connections, attempts at explanation that emerged in ignorance of the Fundamental Nature of Reality, of the properties and dynamics of the levels of Physical Reality that we do not see and which underlie that of Information Structures (Waves, Vortices and Interactions) which we are dealing with in this chapter. <br>In the interpretation of entanglement proposed here, no "action at a distance" is therefore envisaged (nor production of "many worlds", nor inexplicable pilot waves that would travel in parallel to the Physical Information/Energy, etc.) because: <br>1. Physical Action cannot be instantaneous; it can only occur through continuous propagation (propagation in the continuum) with the limit of the maximum speed allowed (maximum speed / speed limit of propagation of Causality / Action / Information in the Elementary Field) <br>2. no Physical Action, no Information / Energy is therefore transmitted between the quantum objects involved (particles or waves) in the case of entanglement between objects not causally connected (at a distance that does not allow causal communication, within the speed of light) <br>3. there is no physical connection, only a "logical" or "relational" connection (in the sense of correlation). <br>4. what produces this bizarre behavior which suggests an "effective" connection between the entangled objects is a temporary (until the decoherence event) "logical", "relational" connection, which does not take the form of any form of communication at a distance, but a sharing of structure, organization and dynamics of the stochastic / deterministic processes of the event points of the Elementary Field that support the Information Structures, entangled quantum objects. The respective event points (homologous space-time dynamic positions) of the two Structures evolve according to processes that are so to speak "tuned" as a result of the preparation process of the entangled state (they remain tuned until possible decoherence) <br>5. What makes entanglement strange is that we do not see the entangled dynamics of the event points that give rise to entangled quantum objects. We focus on the entanglement of waves and particles, which we consider monolithic entities, point-like or extended but internally homogeneous, when what matters happens at a more elementary level of Reality that we do not see and which is responsible for the strangeness of quantum phenomena. The key is in the "internal structure" of quantum objects (not in the sense of "parts", but of portions, of points of space-time in which the Elementary Events organized by Relations in Point/portion Processes occur which, all together , correlated, entangled, determine the dynamics of the Structure as a whole) <br>6. Internal structure at the most elementary levels and dynamic balance between "indeterminacy" (at the elementary level of the Field) and "structure / organization / Information" (at the complex, aggregate, level of the Structure, of the quantum object), which produce the strange game of observations of the phenomenon of quantum entanglement, which alter the probabilistic results of the experiments.
 *'''Meaning of the Schrodinger Equation''': -> probability (uncertainty or lack of info) -> certain state (snapshot) -> the particle going on with its dynamics influenced by the measurement -> try to draw a time line (before measurement, measurement interval / interaction, after measurement i.e

@@ Line 112: / Line 112: @@
 *'''Connection between entangled quantum objects''': So, what are these "phantom" connections that would occur between entangled particles? Connections that would appear to configure zero-time remote actions at sidereal distances that are not randomly connected or that would imply communications at super-luminal speeds. Connections capable of influencing the quantum state of entangled particles, but not of transferring information. Are these physical connections (and then they would be causal connections, immediate actions at a distance, which would allow the transfer of information/energy at zero time) or "logical" connections (shared configurations of the "internal organization" of the InfoStructures involved, of the dynamics of the event points that support them, which remain so until any decoherence, non-causal connections)? I would choose the latter, given the results of the experiments. Logical connections, correlation connections. But wouldn't it be more correct to simply call them "correlations" and abandon this term "connections" which makes one think of physical connections, with all their implications? First of all, non-locality, and instant action at a distance... Correlations ab origine, established instantly, in the process of preparing the entangled particles. Correlations not only between the overall quantum states of each particle involved, but correlations between the dynamics of the corresponding event points of the Elementary Field (Elementary Action in its Modes / Components), of the various portions of the Structures. Portions, not parts! I think this is the key to understanding quantum entanglement without hypothesizing strange instantaneous connections, non-local actions, etc. The union of indeterminacy, elementary particles with non-homogeneous internal distributions (not point-like, nor homogeneous over volumes of space, but with organization of the Elementary Action in each event point), and correlation between the quantum states of the corresponding event points. This combination of hypotheses leads us to think of entanglement as a complex correlation between Structures with correlated "internal portions" dynamics, in a context of partially indeterminate processes (the dynamics of the Elementary Field) and partially determined processes (the Information that gives shape to the InfoStructures). Overall correlation of the Structure resulting from the interaction of the internal punctual correlations of the Structures involved. Complexity within complexity. Indeterminacy within indeterminacy. Punctual (or of portions) correlation in the overall correlation. Let us remember that if the form of the InfoStructures hypothesized here is true (dynamics of an electron produced by the interaction of mixed, stochastic and deterministic processes, relating to approximately 10^60 event points), then the entanglement of two "simple" electrons is a phenomenon of a monstrous complexity, the result of the correlation, partly indeterminate and partly determinate, of the dynamics of about 10^60 event points of the Elementary Field with that of other 10^60 event points. Faced with the incessant unfolding of this immense mass of dynamic processes, we see the results of apparently banal experiments (e.g. the Stern-Gerlach experiment, electrons that in a magnetic field go up or down according to their Spin, which we assume is up or down). But we hypothesized that Spin up or down is a statistical evaluation of an immense underlying complexity, we could say that the two entangled electrons, each by itself, are carrying out immense quantum calculations in response to a magnetic field to decide whether they are called Spin up or Spin down. No communication. Somehow they had agreed before, when the entangled state was created. What can I say... The explanation of this phenomenon cannot lie in simplicity. For me it certainly lies in complexity, in a monstrous and (unfortunately) really hard to fathom complexity.
-*'''Action at a distance''': as seen, in a general sense Action is defined as the production (formation, creation) of Events. In a physical sense, at the most basic level of Reality, we find Elementary Action, the most basic form of Existence, fluctuations of the Elementary Field under the constant pressure of the Fundamental Force (a process described by the Uncertainty Principle). From this level and up to the more complex levels of Physical Reality, the Action manifests itself as Derived Action, increasingly complex forms of organization of the Elementary Action, which produce Events which in turn become increasingly complex and articulated (Events linked by Relations in Event networks, in Processes). Action implies manifestation of the fundamental active property of the Agency of the Primary Source of Reality, Causality and at the same time of the passive property that we call Variationality (root of Spatiality and Temporality). In concrete terms, Action is the product of a Force acting on a Field. Force expresses Causality (it is a Cause) by producing a Variation in a Field (an effect, a "deformation", a variation in homogeneity / inhomogeneity). This act that produces the Variation is Action, the Variation is the Event produced (Creation). The Relations between these variations, between Events, produce increasingly more complex Events (Evolution). Processes of Events organized by Relationships, which lead to the formation of Information, Information Structures, Forms that make up Physical Reality, the Evolving Universe. Therefore, with respect to the level of Reality in which it manifests itself, we distinguish the Elementary Action (Action "of" the "unstructured" Elementary Field) from the Derivative Action (Action "in" the "structured" Elementary Field, a more complex, organized Action , structured, so to speak). Derived Action (for example, production of Events in the interactions between Information Structures, Waves and Vortices / Particles) manifests itself as a transfer / exchange of Information / Energy, of structured Action, organized in fact. The latter is the type of Action that we find in Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Field Theory. In some interpretations of Quantum Mechanics, the structured Derivative Action that manifests itself between Information Structures is hypothesized to occur at zero time, instantaneously. A strange form of Action that does not imply Causality, does not allow information/energy transfer between the quantum objects involved. We hypothesized that this strange instantaneous action called “action at a distance” occurs without physical connection between the objects involved. A "non-physical", but "logical", so to speak, "relational" Action, which concerns correlated states, and does not imply transfer of Information / Energy. As already mentioned several times, in this System of Knowledge, there is no place for a form of "physical" Action at a distance, instantaneous, without propagation of Events in the continuous Elementary Field, within the limits of the maximum speed allowed (speed of light in the void, or rather, the limit speed of propagation of Causality, Action, Information in the Elementary Field). Here we admit only a continuous propagation of the Action, propagation in the "continuum" (in a continuous field). The production, propagation and conservation of Action in the Elementary Field, and in all those derived from it (e.g. electromagnetic, gravitational), is always and can only be continuous in Space and Time, with the limits imposed by the properties of the same Field. Let's try to express the same concept in other terms... "Locality" has to do with Events in continuous fields, with continuous connections (of meaning) (conn-action, action with, shared action: bond, association, relationship, correspondence, etc.). No remote action is allowed because the correlation of quantum states does not imply physical action, we are in the world of relationships not events, of Information not Action). "Non-locality" is a hypothesis formulated to account for inexplicable observations, apparently "magical" instantaneous connections, attempts at explanation that emerged in ignorance of the Fundamental Nature of Reality, of the properties and dynamics of the levels of Physical Reality that we do not see and which underlie that of Information Structures (Waves, Vortices and Interactions) which we are dealing with in this chapter. </br>In the interpretation of entanglement proposed here, no "action at a distance" is therefore envisaged (nor production of "many worlds", nor inexplicable pilot waves that would travel in parallel to the Physical Information/Energy, etc.) because: </br>1. Physical Action cannot be instantaneous; it can only occur through continuous propagation (propagation in the continuum) with the limit of the maximum speed allowed (maximum speed / speed limit of propagation of Causality / Action / Information in the Elementary Field). </br>2. No Physical Action, no Information / Energy is therefore transmitted between the quantum objects involved (particles or waves) in the case of entanglement between objects not causally connected (at a distance that does not allow causal communication, within the speed of light). </br>3. There is no physical connection, only a "logical" or "relational" connection (in the sense of correlation). </br>4. What produces this bizarre behavior which suggests an "effective" connection between the entangled objects is a temporary (until the decoherence event) "logical", "relational" connection, which does not take the form of any form of communication at a distance, but a sharing of structure, organization and dynamics of the stochastic / deterministic processes of the event points of the Elementary Field that support the Information Structures, entangled quantum objects. The respective event points (homologous space-time dynamic positions) of the two Structures evolve according to processes that are so to speak "tuned" as a result of the preparation process of the entangled state (they remain tuned until possible decoherence). </br>5. What makes entanglement strange is that we do not see the entangled dynamics of the event points that give rise to entangled quantum objects. We focus on the entanglement of waves and particles, which we consider monolithic entities, point-like or extended but internally homogeneous, when what matters happens at a more elementary level of Reality that we do not see and which is responsible for the strangeness of quantum phenomena. The key is in the "internal structure" of quantum objects (not in the sense of "parts", but of portions, of points of space-time in which the Elementary Events organized by Relations in Point/portion Processes occur which, all together , correlated, entangled, determine the dynamics of the Structure as a whole). </br>6. Internal structure at the most elementary levels and dynamic balance between "indeterminacy" (at the elementary level of the Field) and "structure / organization / Information" (at the complex, aggregate, level of the Structure, of the quantum object), which produce the strange game of observations of the phenomenon of quantum entanglement, which alter the probabilistic results of the experiments.
+*'''Action at a distance''': as seen, in a general sense Action is defined as the production (formation, creation) of Events. In a physical sense, at the most basic level of Reality, we find Elementary Action, the most basic form of Existence, fluctuations of the Elementary Field under the constant pressure of the Fundamental Force (a process described by the Uncertainty Principle). From this level and up to the more complex levels of Physical Reality, the Action manifests itself as Derived Action, increasingly complex forms of organization of the Elementary Action, which produce Events which in turn become increasingly complex and articulated (Events linked by Relations in Event networks, in Processes). Action implies manifestation of the fundamental active property of the Agency of the Primary Source of Reality, Causality and at the same time of the passive property that we call Variationality (root of Spatiality and Temporality). In concrete terms, Action is the product of a Force acting on a Field. Force expresses Causality (it is a Cause) by producing a Variation in a Field (an effect, a "deformation", a variation in homogeneity / inhomogeneity). This act that produces the Variation is Action, the Variation is the Event produced (Creation). The Relations between these variations, between Events, produce increasingly more complex Events (Evolution). Processes of Events organized by Relationships, which lead to the formation of Information, Information Structures, Forms that make up Physical Reality, the Evolving Universe. Therefore, with respect to the level of Reality in which it manifests itself, we distinguish the Elementary Action (Action "of" the "unstructured" Elementary Field) from the Derivative Action (Action "in" the "structured" Elementary Field, a more complex, organized Action , structured, so to speak). Derived Action (for example, production of Events in the interactions between Information Structures, Waves and Vortices / Particles) manifests itself as a transfer / exchange of Information / Energy, of structured Action, organized in fact. The latter is the type of Action that we find in Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Field Theory. In some interpretations of Quantum Mechanics, the structured Derivative Action that manifests itself between Information Structures is hypothesized to occur at zero time, instantaneously. A strange form of Action that does not imply Causality, does not allow information/energy transfer between the quantum objects involved. We hypothesized that this strange instantaneous action called “action at a distance” occurs without physical connection between the objects involved. A "non-physical", but "logical", so to speak, "relational" Action, which concerns correlated states, and does not imply transfer of Information / Energy. As already mentioned several times, in this System of Knowledge, there is no place for a form of "physical" Action at a distance, instantaneous, without propagation of Events in the continuous Elementary Field, within the limits of the maximum speed allowed (speed of light in the void, or rather, the limit speed of propagation of Causality, Action, Information in the Elementary Field). Here we admit only a continuous propagation of the Action, propagation in the "continuum" (in a continuous field). The production, propagation and conservation of Action in the Elementary Field, and in all those derived from it (e.g. electromagnetic, gravitational), is always and can only be continuous in Space and Time, with the limits imposed by the properties of the same Field. Let's try to express the same concept in other terms... "Locality" has to do with Events in continuous fields, with continuous connections (of meaning) (conn-action, action with, shared action: bond, association, relationship, correspondence, etc.). No remote action is allowed because the correlation of quantum states does not imply physical action, we are in the world of relationships not events, of Information not Action). "Non-locality" is a hypothesis formulated to account for inexplicable observations, apparently "magical" instantaneous connections, attempts at explanation that emerged in ignorance of the Fundamental Nature of Reality, of the properties and dynamics of the levels of Physical Reality that we do not see and which underlie that of Information Structures (Waves, Vortices and Interactions) which we are dealing with in this chapter. <br>In the interpretation of entanglement proposed here, no "action at a distance" is therefore envisaged (nor production of "many worlds", nor inexplicable pilot waves that would travel in parallel to the Physical Information/Energy, etc.) because: <br>1. Physical Action cannot be instantaneous; it can only occur through continuous propagation (propagation in the continuum) with the limit of the maximum speed allowed (maximum speed / speed limit of propagation of Causality / Action / Information in the Elementary Field). <br>2. No Physical Action, no Information / Energy is therefore transmitted between the quantum objects involved (particles or waves) in the case of entanglement between objects not causally connected (at a distance that does not allow causal communication, within the speed of light). <br>3. There is no physical connection, only a "logical" or "relational" connection (in the sense of correlation). <br>4. What produces this bizarre behavior which suggests an "effective" connection between the entangled objects is a temporary (until the decoherence event) "logical", "relational" connection, which does not take the form of any form of communication at a distance, but a sharing of structure, organization and dynamics of the stochastic / deterministic processes of the event points of the Elementary Field that support the Information Structures, entangled quantum objects. The respective event points (homologous space-time dynamic positions) of the two Structures evolve according to processes that are so to speak "tuned" as a result of the preparation process of the entangled state (they remain tuned until possible decoherence). <br>5. What makes entanglement strange is that we do not see the entangled dynamics of the event points that give rise to entangled quantum objects. We focus on the entanglement of waves and particles, which we consider monolithic entities, point-like or extended but internally homogeneous, when what matters happens at a more elementary level of Reality that we do not see and which is responsible for the strangeness of quantum phenomena. The key is in the "internal structure" of quantum objects (not in the sense of "parts", but of portions, of points of space-time in which the Elementary Events organized by Relations in Point/portion Processes occur which, all together , correlated, entangled, determine the dynamics of the Structure as a whole). <br>6. Internal structure at the most elementary levels and dynamic balance between "indeterminacy" (at the elementary level of the Field) and "structure / organization / Information" (at the complex, aggregate, level of the Structure, of the quantum object), which produce the strange game of observations of the phenomenon of quantum entanglement, which alter the probabilistic results of the experiments.
 *'''Meaning of the Schrodinger Equation''': -> probability (uncertainty or lack of info) -> certain state (snapshot) -> the particle going on with its dynamics influenced by the measurement -> try to draw a time line (before measurement, measurement interval / interaction, after measurement i.e

@@ Line 112: / Line 112: @@
 *'''Connection between entangled quantum objects''': So, what are these "phantom" connections that would occur between entangled particles? Connections that would appear to configure zero-time remote actions at sidereal distances that are not randomly connected or that would imply communications at super-luminal speeds. Connections capable of influencing the quantum state of entangled particles, but not of transferring information. Are these physical connections (and then they would be causal connections, immediate actions at a distance, which would allow the transfer of information/energy at zero time) or "logical" connections (shared configurations of the "internal organization" of the InfoStructures involved, of the dynamics of the event points that support them, which remain so until any decoherence, non-causal connections)? I would choose the latter, given the results of the experiments. Logical connections, correlation connections. But wouldn't it be more correct to simply call them "correlations" and abandon this term "connections" which makes one think of physical connections, with all their implications? First of all, non-locality, and instant action at a distance... Correlations ab origine, established instantly, in the process of preparing the entangled particles. Correlations not only between the overall quantum states of each particle involved, but correlations between the dynamics of the corresponding event points of the Elementary Field (Elementary Action in its Modes / Components), of the various portions of the Structures. Portions, not parts! I think this is the key to understanding quantum entanglement without hypothesizing strange instantaneous connections, non-local actions, etc. The union of indeterminacy, elementary particles with non-homogeneous internal distributions (not point-like, nor homogeneous over volumes of space, but with organization of the Elementary Action in each event point), and correlation between the quantum states of the corresponding event points. This combination of hypotheses leads us to think of entanglement as a complex correlation between Structures with correlated "internal portions" dynamics, in a context of partially indeterminate processes (the dynamics of the Elementary Field) and partially determined processes (the Information that gives shape to the InfoStructures). Overall correlation of the Structure resulting from the interaction of the internal punctual correlations of the Structures involved. Complexity within complexity. Indeterminacy within indeterminacy. Punctual (or of portions) correlation in the overall correlation. Let us remember that if the form of the InfoStructures hypothesized here is true (dynamics of an electron produced by the interaction of mixed, stochastic and deterministic processes, relating to approximately 10^60 event points), then the entanglement of two "simple" electrons is a phenomenon of a monstrous complexity, the result of the correlation, partly indeterminate and partly determinate, of the dynamics of about 10^60 event points of the Elementary Field with that of other 10^60 event points. Faced with the incessant unfolding of this immense mass of dynamic processes, we see the results of apparently banal experiments (e.g. the Stern-Gerlach experiment, electrons that in a magnetic field go up or down according to their Spin, which we assume is up or down). But we hypothesized that Spin up or down is a statistical evaluation of an immense underlying complexity, we could say that the two entangled electrons, each by itself, are carrying out immense quantum calculations in response to a magnetic field to decide whether they are called Spin up or Spin down. No communication. Somehow they had agreed before, when the entangled state was created. What can I say... The explanation of this phenomenon cannot lie in simplicity. For me it certainly lies in complexity, in a monstrous and (unfortunately) really hard to fathom complexity.
-*'''Action at a distance''': as seen, in a general sense Action is defined as the production (formation, creation) of Events. In a physical sense, at the most basic level of Reality, we find Elementary Action, the most basic form of Existence, fluctuations of the Elementary Field under the constant pressure of the Fundamental Force (a process described by the Uncertainty Principle). From this level and up to the more complex levels of Physical Reality, the Action manifests itself as Derived Action, increasingly complex forms of organization of the Elementary Action, which produce Events which in turn become increasingly complex and articulated (Events linked by Relations in Event networks, in Processes). Action implies manifestation of the fundamental active property of the Agency of the Primary Source of Reality, Causality and at the same time of the passive property that we call Variationality (root of Spatiality and Temporality). In concrete terms, Action is the product of a Force acting on a Field. Force expresses Causality (it is a Cause) by producing a Variation in a Field (an effect, a "deformation", a variation in homogeneity / inhomogeneity). This act that produces the Variation is Action, the Variation is the Event produced (Creation). The Relations between these variations, between Events, produce increasingly more complex Events (Evolution). Processes of Events organized by Relationships, which lead to the formation of Information, Information Structures, Forms that make up Physical Reality, the Evolving Universe. Therefore, with respect to the level of Reality in which it manifests itself, we distinguish the Elementary Action (Action "of" the "unstructured" Elementary Field) from the Derivative Action (Action "in" the "structured" Elementary Field, a more complex, organized Action , structured, so to speak). Derived Action (for example, production of Events in the interactions between Information Structures, Waves and Vortices / Particles) manifests itself as a transfer / exchange of Information / Energy, of structured Action, organized in fact. The latter is the type of Action that we find in Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Field Theory. In some interpretations of Quantum Mechanics, the structured Derivative Action that manifests itself between Information Structures is hypothesized to occur at zero time, instantaneously. A strange form of Action that does not imply Causality, does not allow information/energy transfer between the quantum objects involved. We hypothesized that this strange instantaneous action called “action at a distance” occurs without physical connection between the objects involved. A "non-physical", but "logical", so to speak, "relational" Action, which concerns correlated states, and does not imply transfer of Information / Energy. As already mentioned several times, in this System of Knowledge, there is no place for a form of "physical" Action at a distance, instantaneous, without propagation of Events in the continuous Elementary Field, within the limits of the maximum speed allowed (speed of light in the void, or rather, the limit speed of propagation of Causality, Action, Information in the Elementary Field). Here we admit only a continuous propagation of the Action, propagation in the "continuum" (in a continuous field). The production, propagation and conservation of Action in the Elementary Field, and in all those derived from it (e.g. electromagnetic, gravitational), is always and can only be continuous in Space and Time, with the limits imposed by the properties of the same Field. Let's try to express the same concept in other terms... "Locality" has to do with Events in continuous fields, with continuous connections (of meaning) (conn-action, action with, shared action: bond, association, relationship, correspondence, etc.). No remote action is allowed because the correlation of quantum states does not imply physical action, we are in the world of relationships not events, of Information not Action). "Non-locality" is a hypothesis formulated to account for inexplicable observations, apparently "magical" instantaneous connections, attempts at explanation that emerged in ignorance of the Fundamental Nature of Reality, of the properties and dynamics of the levels of Physical Reality that we do not see and which underlie that of Information Structures (Waves, Vortices and Interactions) which we are dealing with in this chapter. In the interpretation of entanglement proposed here, no "action at a distance" is therefore envisaged (nor production of "many worlds", nor inexplicable pilot waves that would travel in parallel to the Physical Information/Energy, etc.) because: 1. Physical Action cannot be instantaneous; it can only occur through continuous propagation (propagation in the continuum) with the limit of the maximum speed allowed (maximum speed / speed limit of propagation of Causality / Action / Information in the Elementary Field). 2. No Physical Action, no Information / Energy is therefore transmitted between the quantum objects involved (particles or waves) in the case of entanglement between objects not causally connected (at a distance that does not allow causal communication, within the speed of light). 3. There is no physical connection, only a "logical" or "relational" connection (in the sense of correlation). 4. What produces this bizarre behavior which suggests an "effective" connection between the entangled objects is a temporary (until the decoherence event) "logical", "relational" connection, which does not take the form of any form of communication at a distance, but a sharing of structure, organization and dynamics of the stochastic / deterministic processes of the event points of the Elementary Field that support the Information Structures, entangled quantum objects. The respective event points (homologous space-time dynamic positions) of the two Structures evolve according to processes that are so to speak "tuned" as a result of the preparation process of the entangled state (they remain tuned until possible decoherence). 5. What makes entanglement strange is that we do not see the entangled dynamics of the event points that give rise to entangled quantum objects. We focus on the entanglement of waves and particles, which we consider monolithic entities, point-like or extended but internally homogeneous, when what matters happens at a more elementary level of Reality that we do not see and which is responsible for the strangeness of quantum phenomena. The key is in the "internal structure" of quantum objects (not in the sense of "parts", but of portions, of points of space-time in which the Elementary Events organized by Relations in Point/portion Processes occur which, all together , correlated, entangled, determine the dynamics of the Structure as a whole). 6. Internal structure at the most elementary levels and dynamic balance between "indeterminacy" (at the elementary level of the Field) and "structure / organization / Information" (at the complex, aggregate, level of the Structure, of the quantum object), which produce the strange game of observations of the phenomenon of quantum entanglement, which alter the probabilistic results of the experiments.
+*'''Action at a distance''': as seen, in a general sense Action is defined as the production (formation, creation) of Events. In a physical sense, at the most basic level of Reality, we find Elementary Action, the most basic form of Existence, fluctuations of the Elementary Field under the constant pressure of the Fundamental Force (a process described by the Uncertainty Principle). From this level and up to the more complex levels of Physical Reality, the Action manifests itself as Derived Action, increasingly complex forms of organization of the Elementary Action, which produce Events which in turn become increasingly complex and articulated (Events linked by Relations in Event networks, in Processes). Action implies manifestation of the fundamental active property of the Agency of the Primary Source of Reality, Causality and at the same time of the passive property that we call Variationality (root of Spatiality and Temporality). In concrete terms, Action is the product of a Force acting on a Field. Force expresses Causality (it is a Cause) by producing a Variation in a Field (an effect, a "deformation", a variation in homogeneity / inhomogeneity). This act that produces the Variation is Action, the Variation is the Event produced (Creation). The Relations between these variations, between Events, produce increasingly more complex Events (Evolution). Processes of Events organized by Relationships, which lead to the formation of Information, Information Structures, Forms that make up Physical Reality, the Evolving Universe. Therefore, with respect to the level of Reality in which it manifests itself, we distinguish the Elementary Action (Action "of" the "unstructured" Elementary Field) from the Derivative Action (Action "in" the "structured" Elementary Field, a more complex, organized Action , structured, so to speak). Derived Action (for example, production of Events in the interactions between Information Structures, Waves and Vortices / Particles) manifests itself as a transfer / exchange of Information / Energy, of structured Action, organized in fact. The latter is the type of Action that we find in Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Field Theory. In some interpretations of Quantum Mechanics, the structured Derivative Action that manifests itself between Information Structures is hypothesized to occur at zero time, instantaneously. A strange form of Action that does not imply Causality, does not allow information/energy transfer between the quantum objects involved. We hypothesized that this strange instantaneous action called “action at a distance” occurs without physical connection between the objects involved. A "non-physical", but "logical", so to speak, "relational" Action, which concerns correlated states, and does not imply transfer of Information / Energy. As already mentioned several times, in this System of Knowledge, there is no place for a form of "physical" Action at a distance, instantaneous, without propagation of Events in the continuous Elementary Field, within the limits of the maximum speed allowed (speed of light in the void, or rather, the limit speed of propagation of Causality, Action, Information in the Elementary Field). Here we admit only a continuous propagation of the Action, propagation in the "continuum" (in a continuous field). The production, propagation and conservation of Action in the Elementary Field, and in all those derived from it (e.g. electromagnetic, gravitational), is always and can only be continuous in Space and Time, with the limits imposed by the properties of the same Field. Let's try to express the same concept in other terms... "Locality" has to do with Events in continuous fields, with continuous connections (of meaning) (conn-action, action with, shared action: bond, association, relationship, correspondence, etc.). No remote action is allowed because the correlation of quantum states does not imply physical action, we are in the world of relationships not events, of Information not Action). "Non-locality" is a hypothesis formulated to account for inexplicable observations, apparently "magical" instantaneous connections, attempts at explanation that emerged in ignorance of the Fundamental Nature of Reality, of the properties and dynamics of the levels of Physical Reality that we do not see and which underlie that of Information Structures (Waves, Vortices and Interactions) which we are dealing with in this chapter. </br>In the interpretation of entanglement proposed here, no "action at a distance" is therefore envisaged (nor production of "many worlds", nor inexplicable pilot waves that would travel in parallel to the Physical Information/Energy, etc.) because: </br>1. Physical Action cannot be instantaneous; it can only occur through continuous propagation (propagation in the continuum) with the limit of the maximum speed allowed (maximum speed / speed limit of propagation of Causality / Action / Information in the Elementary Field). </br>2. No Physical Action, no Information / Energy is therefore transmitted between the quantum objects involved (particles or waves) in the case of entanglement between objects not causally connected (at a distance that does not allow causal communication, within the speed of light). </br>3. There is no physical connection, only a "logical" or "relational" connection (in the sense of correlation). </br>4. What produces this bizarre behavior which suggests an "effective" connection between the entangled objects is a temporary (until the decoherence event) "logical", "relational" connection, which does not take the form of any form of communication at a distance, but a sharing of structure, organization and dynamics of the stochastic / deterministic processes of the event points of the Elementary Field that support the Information Structures, entangled quantum objects. The respective event points (homologous space-time dynamic positions) of the two Structures evolve according to processes that are so to speak "tuned" as a result of the preparation process of the entangled state (they remain tuned until possible decoherence). </br>5. What makes entanglement strange is that we do not see the entangled dynamics of the event points that give rise to entangled quantum objects. We focus on the entanglement of waves and particles, which we consider monolithic entities, point-like or extended but internally homogeneous, when what matters happens at a more elementary level of Reality that we do not see and which is responsible for the strangeness of quantum phenomena. The key is in the "internal structure" of quantum objects (not in the sense of "parts", but of portions, of points of space-time in which the Elementary Events organized by Relations in Point/portion Processes occur which, all together , correlated, entangled, determine the dynamics of the Structure as a whole). </br>6. Internal structure at the most elementary levels and dynamic balance between "indeterminacy" (at the elementary level of the Field) and "structure / organization / Information" (at the complex, aggregate, level of the Structure, of the quantum object), which produce the strange game of observations of the phenomenon of quantum entanglement, which alter the probabilistic results of the experiments.
 *'''Meaning of the Schrodinger Equation''': -> probability (uncertainty or lack of info) -> certain state (snapshot) -> the particle going on with its dynamics influenced by the measurement -> try to draw a time line (before measurement, measurement interval / interaction, after measurement i.e

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 *'''Quantum objects''': InfoStructures - type: Waves, Vortices / Particles, Interactions, etc. Structures of Information, more or less temporally stable, more or less spatially extended,  patterns of organization of Physical Processes at the level of the Elementary Field (Relationships between Events), schemes of the correlations between the temporal distributions of the spatial fluctuations of the Elementary Field with resonance at the Planck scale.
-*'''Space-time physical form of quantum objects''': as we have seen in the previous sections of this chapter, all InfoStructures, even those that make up visible / ordinary matter (Waves and Vortices / Particles) have non-zero spatial extension (no point particles) and finite or infinite duration (proper lifetime distributed around the mean lifetime for the specific type of particle).
+*'''Space-time physical form of quantum objects''': as we have seen in the previous sections of this chapter, all InfoStructures, even those that make up visible / ordinary matter (Waves and Vortices / Particles) have non-zero spatial extension (no point particles) and finite or infinite duration (proper lifetime distributed around the mean lifetime for the specific type of particle). <br>For brevity we limit ourselves here to considering Vortices / Particles type InfoStructures. This means that the total mass and charge of the particle, as seen previously, are distributed over a "virtually infinite, but effectively finite" volume (the boundary is defined by the indeterminacy in the "basic" dynamics of the Elementary Field -> quantum vacuum energy -> elementary spatial fluctuations resonant at the Planck scale). The distribution of mass and charge within this volume with fluctuating and to some extent undefined boundaries is itself fluctuating and to some extent undefined. The position of the center of mass and the center of charge themselves are fluctuating and to some extent undefined. The whole Structure and its form are to some extent fluctuating and undefined. Unless there is a certain amount of indeterminacy, and the incessant fluctuation of the spatial extension, of the temporal duration, of the shape of the Structure, of the distribution of the Mass and of the position of the center of Mass, of the direction and quantity of the Motion (inertia), of the Charge and the position of the Charge center, the orientation of the Spin axis, etc., for an InfoStructure / Particle in a state of rest with respect to the Elementary Field (in inertial motion, not subject to gravitational, electrical, magnetic, etc.) the total mass, the total charge, the total spin, the total kinetic energy (better, the amount of total kinetic action -> Translation), etc. they are defined. The shape, distribution (in the spatial volume occupied from time to time by the InfoStructure) of this Mass, Motion (quantity of kinetic energy or momentum), Charge, Spin (spatial orientation) are fluctuating and to some extent indeterminate, the result of punctual processes (the dynamics of each event point of the Elementary Field that from time to time supports the Structure is partly stochastically independent - Elementary Action of the natural dynamics of the Elementary Field and partly dependent - Information that gives shape to the Structure) partly determined partly random, and can therefore only be expressed with statistical quantities, with probabilistic quantities. This is how probabilities enter and take the scene of the quantum world, undermining the certainties of the determined physical quantities of classical / relativistic physics.
 For brevity we limit ourselves here to considering Vortices / Particles type InfoStructures. This means that the total mass and charge of the particle, as seen previously, are distributed over a "virtually infinite, but effectively finite" volume (the boundary is defined by the indeterminacy in the "basic" dynamics of the Elementary Field -> quantum vacuum energy -> elementary spatial fluctuations resonant at the Planck scale). The distribution of mass and charge within this volume with fluctuating and to some extent undefined boundaries is itself fluctuating and to some extent undefined. The position of the center of mass and the center of charge themselves are fluctuating and to some extent undefined. The whole Structure and its form are to some extent fluctuating and undefined. Unless there is a certain amount of indeterminacy, and the incessant fluctuation of the spatial extension, of the temporal duration, of the shape of the Structure, of the distribution of the Mass and of the position of the center of Mass, of the direction and quantity of the Motion (inertia), of the Charge and the position of the Charge center, the orientation of the Spin axis, etc., for an InfoStructure / Particle in a state of rest with respect to the Elementary Field (in inertial motion, not subject to gravitational, electrical, magnetic, etc.) the total mass, the total charge, the total spin, the total kinetic energy (better, the amount of total kinetic action -> Translation), etc. they are defined. The shape, distribution (in the spatial volume occupied from time to time by the InfoStructure) of this Mass, Motion (quantity of kinetic energy or momentum), Charge, Spin (spatial orientation) are fluctuating and to some extent indeterminate, the result of punctual processes (the dynamics of each event point of the Elementary Field that from time to time supports the Structure is partly stochastically independent - Elementary Action of the natural dynamics of the Elementary Field and partly dependent - Information that gives shape to the Structure) partly determined partly random, and can therefore only be expressed with statistical quantities, with probabilistic quantities. This is how probabilities enter and take the scene of the quantum world, undermining the certainties of the determined physical quantities of classical / relativistic physics.
 *'''Quantum properties''':  attributes, characteristics, ways of expressions, qualities and quantities referring to InfoStructures (Position, Momentum, Polarization, Spin, etc.). Electron spin seems to be the most intuitive example, although a very complex phenomenon. What was said in the previous point regarding the variability of the shape and dynamics of quantum objects applies. The variability, the incessant fluctuation of the fundamental quantities that characterize, for example, Vortex-type InfoStructures, namely massive Particles, depends on that variability. Mass, Motion (inertia), Charge and Spin. Furthermore, given that the shape and dynamics of a Particle depends on the dynamics of the Events of each point event of the Elementary Field (in the volume of space time by time occupied by the InfoStructure under observation) and on the set of Relations between such Events, therefore from 'Elementary Action in its Modes / Components that such Events produce and by the Information that such Relations configure.