TFNR - Fundamental Constants of Nature - Revision history

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← Older revision		Revision as of 17:48, 28 February 2026
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−	In conventional ~~science~~, the Fundamental Constants of Nature are considered '''invariant physical quantities''', fundamental (cause-independence), universal in nature (space-independence), and constant in time (time-independence). They are used in the basic equations that describe fundamental physical phenomena. They can be dimensionless or can have dimensions.	+	'''In conventional physics''', the Fundamental Constants of Nature are considered '''invariant physical quantities''', fundamental (cause-independence), universal in nature (space-independence), and constant in time (time-independence). They are used in the basic equations that describe fundamental physical phenomena. They can be dimensionless or can have dimensions.

	'''The constants that are considered fundamental are the following''' (the set of constants varies according to the theoretical reference framework considered):		'''The constants that are considered fundamental are the following''' (the set of constants varies according to the theoretical reference framework considered):

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 And on the Field side? '''Some kind of variational resistance to the causal Action of this Force''':
-*resistance to the formation/variation and propagation of micro-gradients (resistance to deformation)
+*resistance to the formation/variation and propagation of micro-gradients ('''resistance to deformation''')
-*resistance to the formation/variation (and propagation?) of micro-flows or micro-stresses (resistance to stress)
+*resistance to the formation/variation (and propagation?) of micro-flows or micro-stresses ('''resistance to stress''')
-*resistance to the formation/variation and propagation of micro-torsions (resistance to torsion -> vorticity/helicity) (maybe <!--no latex-->ε0<!--/no latex--><!--latex:$\varepsilon_0$--> for torsion chirality, <!--no latex-->μ0<!--/no latex--><!--latex:$\mu_0$--> for torsion axis orientation)
+*resistance to the formation/variation and propagation of micro-torsions ('''resistance to torsion''' -> vorticity/helicity) (maybe <!--no latex-->ε0<!--/no latex--><!--latex:$\varepsilon_0$--> for torsion chirality, <!--no latex-->μ0<!--/no latex--><!--latex:$\mu_0$--> for torsion axis orientation)
 Perhaps a parameter, '''a constant of proportionality relating micro-gradient and micro-flow produced''', and at more complex levels, relating Mass to gravitational attraction or acceleration (the "G" universal gravitational constant?).

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 '''Some reflection about the most famous natural constant: "the speed of light in the vacuum"'''
-To explain the phenomena we observe as curvature of Space-time we can imagine two models, equivalent in some respects (though the second offers more possibilities to explain cosmological Phenomena that otherwise remain mysterious):
+To explain the phenomena we observe as curvature of Space-time '''we can imagine two models, equivalent in some respects''' (though the second offers more possibilities to explain cosmological Phenomena that otherwise remain mysterious):
 *'''Curved Spacetime and constant speed of light'''
 **'''What does it mean that Space is curved?''' Spatial extensions, volumes, distances, and lengths are not absolute or fixed, but can vary in Space and Time (rods can lengthen or shorten in different places, directions or moments) as a result of two interconnected factors:

@@ Line 80: / Line 80: @@
 Regarding the fundamental constants of Nature, '''I would like to summarize and clarify some of my considerations''':
-*'''I am not convinced that the quantities recognized as fundamental constants in conventional physics'''—some of which I listed above—'''are truly constants and/or fundamental''':
+*'''I am not convinced that the quantities recognized as fundamental constants in conventional physics'''—some of which I listed above—'''are truly constant and/or fundamental''':
-**'''Constants''' — As I tried to illustrate above with the “speed of light in vacuum,” some of these supposed constants may appear constant without actually being so. In the case of the speed of light, the reason it seems constant to us is that every phenomenon we can observe is ultimately detected through light, or through phenomena involving light. Everything we see is light moving through Space‑Time in various ways. I would indeed be surprised if, when using the speed of light as a reference for every observable phenomenon, it appeared to us as variable.
+**'''Constant''' — As I tried to illustrate above with the “speed of light in vacuum,” some of these supposed constants may appear constant without actually being so. In the case of the speed of light, the reason it seems constant to us is that every phenomenon we can observe is ultimately detected through light, or through phenomena involving light. Everything we see is light moving through Space‑Time in various ways. I would indeed be surprised if, when using the speed of light as a reference for every observable phenomenon, it appeared to us as variable.
 **'''Fundamental''' — Returning to the case of the speed of light: we know that the value of this supposed constant can be derived from two other constants, epsilon‑zero and mu‑zero, vacuum permittivity and vacuum permeability, respectively. By the very fact that the speed of light is obtained from the square root of their product, we should regard vacuum permittivity and vacuum permeability as more fundamental than "c", a derived quantity.
 *I believe '''it is legitimate to aspire to identify a small number of truly fundamental quantities that cannot be reduced any further'''. I have hypothesized that such quantities must be, and only be, '''those that characterize the sub‑Entities representing the two aspects of the Primary Source of Reality''': the Fundamental Force and the Elementary Field. Accordingly, the intensity of expression of the former, and the resistances to the manifestation of deformations for the latter. In my view, '''all other quantities that describe the Levels of Reality above this most elementary one should be derivable from these fundamental quantities'''. Just as all levels of Reality arise from the elementary dynamism of the Field under the Action of the Force, so too must the fundamental quantities originate from this relationship.

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 Regarding the fundamental constants of Nature, '''I would like to summarize and clarify some of my considerations''':
 *'''I am not convinced that the quantities recognized as fundamental constants in conventional physics'''—some of which I listed above—'''are truly constants and/or fundamental''':
 **'''Constants''' — As I tried to illustrate above with the “speed of light in vacuum,” some of these supposed constants may appear constant without actually being so. In the case of the speed of light, the reason it seems constant to us is that every phenomenon we can observe is ultimately detected through light, or through phenomena involving light. Everything we see is light moving through Space‑Time in various ways. I would indeed be surprised if, when using the speed of light as a reference for every observable phenomenon, it appeared to us as variable.
 **'''Fundamental''' — Returning to the case of the speed of light: we know that the value of this supposed constant can be derived from two other constants, epsilon‑zero and mu‑zero, vacuum permittivity and vacuum permeability, respectively. By the very fact that the speed of light is obtained from the square root of their product, we should regard vacuum permittivity and vacuum permeability as more fundamental than "c", a derived quantity.

@@ Line 63: / Line 63: @@
 ****'''contraction''' of Time, temporal durations, intervals; Time seems to pass more quickly
 *'''Curved time, flat space and variable speed of light'''
+**'''What does it mean that Space is flat (not curved and not bendable)'''? Spatial extensions, distances, volumes, and lengths—even if not absolute—cannot vary in Space (different places) and Time (different moments), rods cannot lengthen or shorten. Nothing can curve Space:
+***neither Mass, the '''density''' of tau-distributions (in terms of [[Elementary Action]]: [[Perturbation]])
+***nor Motion, the '''speed''' of the Structure being measured/observed ([[Translation]])
+**'''What does it mean that Time is curved'''? Temporal durations, intervals, and times are not absolute or fixed, but can vary in Space and Time (clocks can speed up or slow down) as a result of the same two interconnected factors:
+***the '''density''' of [[Elementary Events]] (Mass) -> (Perturbation)
-**'''What does it mean that Space is flat (not curved and not bendable)'''? Basically that the spatial extensions, the distances, and therefore the lengths, even not absolute, fixed, cannot vary in space and time (rods cannot lengthen or shorten). Nothing can curve Space:
+***the '''speed''' of the Structure being measured/observed (Translation)
-***nor Mass, the '''density''' of [[Elementary Events]] otherwise called [[Mass]] (in terms of the [[Elementary Action]]: [[Perturbation]], inhomogeneity in the distributions of Elementary Events, intensity of the tiny fluctuations at the Planck-scale)
+**'''What does it mean that the speed of light (the maximum velocity of Causality and Information in the Universe) is variable'''?
-***nor Motion, the '''speed''' of the structure being measured / observed ([[Translation]], inhomogeneity in the distributions of Elementary Events, orientation of the tiny fluctuations at the Planck-scale).
+**'''Mass and Time curvature with variable speed of light are the same thing''', produced by the same cause: the density of tau-distributions of Elementary Events. The more Mass ([[Ordinary Matter]]) an object has (or the more massive, or metrically curved, a Space-time region is, for example due to the organizational structure of the Elementary Field we call [[Dark Matter]]), the greater the curvature of [[Space-time]] in that object (and its surroundings) or region. We can have:
-**'''What does it mean that Time is curved'''? Basically that the temporal durations, the intervals, and therefore the times, are not absolute, fixed, but can vary in space and time (clocks can speed up or slow down) as a result of two fundamental interconnected factors:
+***'''no Mass (zero Mass density)''' = no curvature of the Space-time metrics (flat Space and flat Time): no massive structures, no Ordinary or Dark Matter, no Dark Energy
-***the '''density''' of [[Elementary Events]] otherwise called [[Mass]] (in terms of the [[Elementary Action]]: [[Perturbation]], inhomogeneity in the distributions of Elementary Events, intensity of the tiny fluctuations at the Planck-scale)
+***'''negative mass density''' = negative curvature: presence of Ordinary or Dark Matter, or Ordinary Energy -> negative curvature means:
-***the '''speed''' of the structure being measured / observed ([[Translation]], inhomogeneity in the distributions of Elementary Events, orientation of the tiny fluctuations at the Planck-scale).
+****'''contraction''' of lengths, spatial extensions, volumes, and distances; Space seems to shrink, to contract, objects seem to become smaller and so the distances between them
-**'''What does it mean that the speed of light (the maximum velocity of causality and information in the Universe) is variable'''?
+****'''dilation''' of Time, temporal durations, intervals; Time seems to pass at a lower pace
-**'''Mass and Time curvature with variable speed of light are the same thing''', produced by the same cause: the density of Elementary Events and their distributions. The more Mass ([[Ordinary matter]]) an object has (or the more massive a space-time region is, for example due to the organizational structure of the distributions of Elementary Events that we call [[Dark matter]]) the greater is what we call the curvature of [[Space-time]] in that object and its surroundings, or in the considered Space-time region. We can have:
+***'''positive Mass density''' = positive curvature: presence of Dark Energy -> positive curvature means:
-***'''no mass (zero mass density)''' = no curvature of the Space-time metrics (flat space and flat time): no massive structures, no Ordinary or Dark matter, no Ordinary or [[Dark energy]] (or rather, of an organizational structure of the distributions of Elementary Events that we call Dark Energy)
+****'''expansion''' of lengths, spatial extensions, volumes, and distances; space seems to grow, to expand, objects seem to become bigger and so the distances between them
-***'''negative mass density''' = negative curvature: presence of Ordinary or Dark matter, or Ordinary energy -> negative curvature means
+****'''contraction''' of Time, temporal durations, intervals; Time seems to pass at a faster pace
-****'''contraction''' of length, of spatial extension, of distance; space seems to shrink, to contract, objects seem to become smaller and so the distances between them
-****'''dilation''' of time, of temporal durations, of intervals; time seems to pass at a lower pace
-***'''positive mass density''' = positive curvature: presence of Dark energy -> positive curvature means
-****'''expansion''' of length, of spatial extension, of distance; space seems to grow, to expand, objects seem to become bigger and so the distances between them
-****'''contraction''' of time, of temporal durations, of intervals; time seems to pass at a faster pace.
-−
-−
-−
-*'''Curved time, flat space and variable speed of light''' **'''What does it mean that Space is flat'''? Spatial extensions, distances, and lengths—even if not absolute—cannot vary in space and time (rods cannot lengthen or shorten). Nothing can curve Space: ***neither Mass, the '''density''' of [[Elementary Events]] (in terms of [[Elementary Action]]: [[Perturbation]]) ***nor Motion, the '''speed''' of the structure being measured/observed ([[Translation]]) **'''What does it mean that Time is curved'''? Temporal durations, intervals, and times are not absolute or fixed, but can vary in space and time (clocks can speed up or slow down) as a result of the same two interconnected factors: ***the '''density''' of [[Elementary Events]] (Mass) ***the '''speed''' of the structure being measured/observed (Translation) **'''What does it mean that the speed of light (the maximum velocity of causality and information in the Universe) is variable'''? **'''Mass and Time curvature with variable speed of light are the same thing''', produced by the same cause: the density of Elementary Events and their distributions. The more Mass ([[Ordinary matter]]) an object has (or the more massive a space-time region is, for example due to the organizational structure of Elementary Events we call [[Dark matter]]), the greater the curvature of [[Space-time]] in that object or region. We can have: ***'''no mass (zero mass density)''' = no curvature of Space-time metrics (flat space and flat time): no massive structures, no Ordinary or Dark matter, no Ordinary or [[Dark energy]] ***'''negative mass density''' = negative curvature: presence of Ordinary or Dark matter, or Ordinary energy → negative curvature means ****'''contraction'''
-−
-−
------
 Regarding the fundamental constants of Nature, '''I would like to summarize and clarify some of my considerations''':

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 To explain the phenomena we observe as curvature of Space-time we can imagine two models, equivalent in some respects (though the second offers more possibilities to explain cosmological Phenomena that otherwise remain mysterious):
 *'''Curved Spacetime and constant speed of light'''
-**'''What does it mean that Space is curved'''? Spatial extensions, volumes, distances, and lengths are not absolute or fixed, but can vary in Space and Time (rods can lengthen or shorten in different places, directions or moments) as a result of two interconnected factors:
+**'''What does it mean that Space is curved?''' Spatial extensions, volumes, distances, and lengths are not absolute or fixed, but can vary in Space and Time (rods can lengthen or shorten in different places, directions or moments) as a result of two interconnected factors:
 ***the '''density''' of [[Elementary Events]] (discrepancies of the pre-temporal distributions — tau-distributions — of the amplitudes of the pre-spatial fluctuations — sigma-fluctuations — of the Elementary Field resonating at dimensional scales around the Planck scale), otherwise called Metric, if seen as potential Energy of the Field, and [[Mass]] as effective Energy of InfoStructures (in terms of [[Elementary Action]]: [[Perturbation]], inhomogeneities in the distributions of Elementary Events)
 ***the '''speed''' of the structure being measured/observed ([[Translation]], inhomogeneity in tau-distributions of orientation of sigma-fluctuations)
-**'''What does it mean that Time is curved'''? Basically that the temporal durations, the intervals, and therefore the times, are not absolute, fixed, but can vary in Space and Time (clocks can speed up or slow down) as a result of two fundamental interconnected factors:
+**'''What does it mean that Time is curved?''' Basically that the temporal durations, the intervals, and therefore the times, are not absolute, fixed, but can vary in Space and Time (clocks can speed up or slow down) as a result of two fundamental interconnected factors:
-**'''What does it mean that Time is curved'''? Temporal durations, intervals, and times are not absolute or fixed, but can vary in Space and Time (clocks can speed up or slow down) as a result of the same two interconnected factors:
+**'''What does it mean that Time is curved?''' Temporal durations, intervals, and times are not absolute or fixed, but can vary in Space and Time (clocks can speed up or slow down) as a result of the same two interconnected factors:
 ***the '''density''' of [[Elementary Events]], otherwise called [[Mass]] (in terms of [[Elementary Action]]: [[Perturbation]]), inhomogeneity in the tau-distributions of amplitudes of sigma-fluctuations)
 ***the '''speed''' of the Structure being measured/observed ([[Translation]])